One of the causal agents of human sporotrichosis, Sporothrix schenckii, is the type species of the genus Sporothrix. During the course of the last century the asexual morphs of many Ophiostoma spp. have also been treated in Sporothrix. More recently several DNA-based studies have suggested that species of Sporothrix and Ophiostoma converge in what has become known as Ophiostoma s. lat. Were the one fungus one name principles adopted in the Melbourne Code to be applied to Ophiostoma s. lat., Sporothrix would have priority over Ophiostoma, resulting in more than 100 new combinations. The consequence would be name changes for several economically important tree pathogens including O. novo-ulmi. Alternatively, Ophiostoma could be conserved against Sporothrix, but this would necessitate changing the names of the important human pathogens in the group. In this study, we sought to resolve the phylogenetic relationship between Ophiostoma and Sporothrix. DNA sequences were determined for the ribosomal large subunit and internal transcribed spacer regions, as well as the beta-tubulin and calmodulin genes in 65 isolates. The results revealed Sporothrix as a well-supported monophyletic lineage including 51 taxa, distinct from Ophiostoma s. str. To facilitate future studies exploring species level resolution within Sporothrix, we defined six species complexes in the genus. These include the Pathogenic Clade containing the four human pathogens, together with the S. pallida-, S. candida-, S. inflata-, S. gossypina- and S. stenoceras complexes, which include environmental species mostly from soil, hardwoods and Protea infructescences. The description of Sporothrix is emended to include sexual morphs, and 26 new combinations. Two new names are also provided for species previously treated as Ophiostoma.

人孢子丝菌病的致病因素之一是鼠孢子孢子，是鼠孢子菌属的类型种。在上个世纪的过程中，许多Ophiostoma spp的无性形态。在Sporothrix中也得到了治疗。最近，一些基于DNA的研究表明，孢子囊菌和Ophiostoma的物种会聚在称为Ophiostoma的物种中。lat。墨尔本法典采用了一种真菌一名称原则，该原则适用于蛇纹石。lat。，Sporothrix将优先于Ophiostoma，从而产生了100多个新组合。结果将是对包括O. novo-ulmi在内的几种具有经济意义的树木病原体的名称进行更改。或者，可以将蛇口骨瘤相对于孢子丝虫保守，但是这将有必要更改该组中重要的人类病原体的名称。在这项研究中，我们试图解决Ophiostoma和Sporothrix之间的系统发育关系。确定了65个分离物中的核糖体大亚基和内部转录间隔区以及β-微管蛋白和钙调蛋白基因的DNA序列。结果显示孢子菌作为一个有良好支持的单系谱系，包括51个类群，与Ophiostoma s不同。海峡。为了便于以后的研究探索孢子虫内的物种水平解析，我们在属中定义了六个物种复合体。这些包括含有四种人类病原体的病原进化枝，以及S. pallida-，S。candida-，S。inflata-，S。gossypina-和S. stenoceras复合体，其中包括环境物种，主要来自土壤，硬木和普罗梯亚木花序。Sporothrix的描述被修改为包括性形态和26种新组合。还为先前视为的物种提供了两个新名称蛇口骨。