Spintronics holds the promise for future information technologies. Devices based on manipulation of spin are most likely to replace the current silicon complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor devices that are based on manipulation of charge. The challenge is to identify or design materials that can be used to generate, detect, and manipulate spin. Since the successful isolation of graphene and other two‐dimensional (2D) materials, there has been a strong focus on spintronics based on 2D materials due to their attractive properties, and much progress has been made, both theoretically and experimentally. Here, we summarize recent developments in spintronics based on 2D materials. We focus mainly on materials of truly 2D nature, that is, atomic crystal layers such as graphene, phosphorene, monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, and others, but also highlight current research foci in heterostructures or interfaces. In particular, we emphasize roles played by computation based on first‐principles methods which has contributed significantly in the designs of spintronic materials and devices. We also highlight challenges and suggest possible directions for further studies. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2017, 7:e1313. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1313

中文翻译：

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基于2D材料的自旋电子学的前景

自旋电子学对未来的信息技术抱有希望。基于自旋操纵的器件最有可能取代当前基于电荷操纵的硅互补金属氧化物半导体器件。面临的挑战是识别或设计可用于生成，检测和操纵旋转的材料。自成功隔离石墨烯和其他二维（2D）材料以来，由于其吸引人的性能，人们一直非常关注基于2D材料的自旋电子学，并且在理论上和实验上都取得了很大进展。在这里，我们总结了基于2D材料的自旋电子学的最新发展。我们主要关注真正2D性质的材料，即石墨烯，磷光体，单层过渡金属二卤化碳等原子晶体层，但也要强调当前在异质结构或界面方面的研究重点。特别是，我们强调基于第一性原理的计算所扮演的角色，这对自旋电子材料和器件的设计做出了重要贡献。我们还将重点介绍挑战，并提出进一步研究的可能方向。电线Comput Mol Sci 2017，7：e1313。doi：10.1002 / wcms.1313