Anthropocene defaunation, the global extinction of faunal species and populations and the decline in abundance of individuals within populations, has been predominantly documented in terrestrial ecosystems, but indicators suggest defaunation has been more severe in freshwater ecosystems. Marine defaunation is in a more incipient stage, yet pronounced effects are already apparent and its rapid acceleration seems likely. Defaunation now impacts the planet's wildlife with profound cascading consequences, ranging from local to global coextinctions of interacting species to the loss of ecological services critical for humanity. Slowing defaunation will require aggressively reducing animal overexploitation and habitat destruction; mitigating climate disruption; and stabilizing the impacts of human population growth and uneven resource consumption. Given its omnipresence, defaunation should receive status of major global environmental change and should be addressed with the same urgency as deforestation, polluti...

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人类世动物区系丧失的模式、原因和后果

人类世动物区系丧失、动物物种和种群的全球灭绝以及种群内个体数量的下降，主要记录在陆地生态系统中，但指标表明淡水生态系统的动物区系丧失更为严重。海洋动物区系丧失处于更早期的阶段，但明显的影响已经很明显，而且可能会迅速加速。动物区系丧失现在对地球上的野生动物产生深远的连锁影响，从本地到全球的相互作用物种的共同灭绝，到对人类至关重要的生态服务的丧失。减缓动物区系丧失将需要积极减少动物过度开发和栖息地破坏；减轻气候破坏；稳定人口增长和资源消耗不均的影响。