The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults is dramatically increasing. Similar to older-onset type 2 diabetes, the major predisposing risk factors are obesity, family history, and sedentary lifestyle. Onset of diabetes at a younger age (defined here as up to age 40 years) is associated with longer disease exposure and increased risk for chronic complications. Young-onset type 2 diabetes also affects more individuals of working age, accentuating the adverse societal effects of the disease. Furthermore, evidence is accumulating that young-onset type 2 diabetes has a more aggressive disease phenotype, leading to premature development of complications, with adverse effects on quality of life and unfavourable effects on long-term outcomes, raising the possibility of a future public health catastrophe. In this Review, we describe the epidemiology and existing knowledge regarding pathophysiology, risk factors, complications, and management of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults.

中文翻译：

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青少年和年轻人中的2型糖尿病。

青少年和年轻人中2型糖尿病的患病率急剧上升。与较早发作的2型糖尿病相似，主要的诱发危险因素是肥胖，家族病史和久坐的生活方式。糖尿病发病年龄较小（此处定义为40岁以下）与疾病暴露时间延长和慢性并发症风险增加有关。年轻发作的2型糖尿病也影响了更多的工作年龄个体，加剧了该疾病的不良社会影响。此外，越来越多的证据表明，年轻的2型糖尿病具有更具侵略性的疾病表型，导致并发症的过早发展，对生活质量产生不利影响，对长期结局不利，从而增加了未来公共卫生的可能性灾难。在这篇评论中，