Meta-Reasoning refers to the processes that monitor the progress of our reasoning and problem-solving activities and regulate the time and effort devoted to them. Monitoring processes are usually experienced as feelings of certainty or uncertainty about how well a process has, or will, unfold. These feelings are based on heuristic cues, which are not necessarily reliable. Nevertheless, we rely on these feelings of (un)certainty to regulate our mental effort. Most metacognitive research has focused on memorization and knowledge retrieval, with little attention paid to more complex processes, such as reasoning and problem solving. In that context, we recently developed a Meta-Reasoning framework, used here to review existing findings, consider their consequences, and frame questions for future research.

中文翻译：

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元推理：对思维和推理的监控

元推理是指监控我们的推理和解决问题活动的进度并调节投入到这些活动中的时间和精力的过程。监控过程通常被体验为对过程已经或将要展开的确定性或不确定性的感觉。这些感觉基于启发式线索，不一定可靠。然而，我们依靠这些（不确定）的感觉来调节我们的精神努力。大多数元认知研究都集中在记忆和知识检索上，很少关注更复杂的过程，例如推理和解决问题。在这种情况下，我们最近开发了一个元推理框架，用于审查现有发现，考虑其后果，并为未来的研究提出问题。