当前位置: X-MOL 学术Annu. Rev. Psychol. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Learning from Errors
Annual Review of Psychology ( IF 23.6 ) Pub Date : 2017-01-04 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-010416-044022
Janet Metcalfe 1
Affiliation  

Although error avoidance during learning appears to be the rule in American classrooms, laboratory studies suggest that it may be a counterproductive strategy, at least for neurologically typical students. Experimental investigations indicate that errorful learning followed by corrective feedback is beneficial to learning. Interestingly, the beneficial effects are particularly salient when individuals strongly believe that their error is correct: Errors committed with high confidence are corrected more readily than low-confidence errors. Corrective feedback, including analysis of the reasoning leading up to the mistake, is crucial. Aside from the direct benefit to learners, teachers gain valuable information from errors, and error tolerance encourages students’ active, exploratory, generative engagement. If the goal is optimal performance in high-stakes situations, it may be worthwhile to allow and even encourage students to commit and correct errors while they are in low-stakes learning situations rather than to assiduously avoid errors at all costs.

中文翻译:


从错误中学习

尽管在美国课堂上,学习中避免错误似乎是规则,但实验室研究表明,这可能适得其反,至少对于神经系统典型的学生而言。实验研究表明,错误学习和纠正反馈对学习有益。有趣的是,当个人强烈相信自己的错误是正确的时,其有益效果就尤为明显:高自信的错误比低自信的错误更容易得到纠正。纠正性反馈(包括分析导致错误的原因的分析)至关重要。除了对学习者的直接好处之外,教师还可以从错误中获得有价值的信息,并且容错可以鼓励学生积极,探索和有创见的参与。

更新日期:2017-01-04
down
wechat
bug