Nanocarbon-based materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene have been attached much attention by scientific and industrial community. As two representative nanocarbon materials, one dimensional CNTs and two dimensional graphene both possess remarkable mechanical properties. In the past years, a great of work has been done by using CNTs or graphene as building blocks for constructing novel, macroscopic, mechanically strong fibrous materials. In this review, we summarize the assembly approaches of CNTs-based fibers and graphene-based fibers in chronological order, respectively. The mechanical performances of these fibrous materials are compared and the critical influences on the mechanical properties are discussed. Personal perspectives on the fabrication methods of CNTs- and graphene-based fibers are further presented.

诸如碳纳米管（CNTs）和石墨烯之类的基于纳米碳的材料已受到科学界和工业界的广泛关注。作为两种代表性的纳米碳材料，一维碳纳米管和二维石墨烯均具有显着的机械性能。在过去的几年中，通过使用碳纳米管或石墨烯作为构建新颖，宏观，机械强度高的纤维材料的基础材料，已经完成了许多工作。在这篇综述中，我们按时间顺序分别总结了基于CNTs的纤维和基于石墨烯的纤维的组装方法。比较了这些纤维材料的机械性能，并讨论了对机械性能的关键影响。进一步介绍了基于CNTs和石墨烯的纤维的制造方法的个人观点。