We summarize our current knowledge of neutron-star masses and radii. Recent instrumentation and computational advances have resulted in a rapid increase in the discovery rate and precise timing of radio pulsars in binaries in the past few years, leading to a large number of mass measurements. These discoveries show that the neutron-star mass distribution is much wider than previously thought, with three known pulsars now firmly in the 1.9–2.0-M⊙ mass range. For radii, large, high-quality data sets from X-ray satellites as well as significant progress in theoretical modeling led to considerable progress in the measurements, placing them in the 10–11.5-km range and shrinking their uncertainties, owing to a better understanding of the sources of systematic errors. The combination of the massive-neutron-star discoveries, the tighter radius measurements, and improved laboratory constraints of the properties of dense matter has already made a substantial impact on our understanding of the composition and bulk p...

中文翻译：

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中子星的质量、半径和状态方程

我们总结了我们目前对中子星质量和半径的了解。最近的仪器和计算进步导致过去几年双星中射电脉冲星的发现率和精确计时的快速增加，从而导致了大量的质量测量。这些发现表明，中子星的质量分布比以前认为的要宽得多，三颗已知的脉冲星现在牢牢地处于 1.9-2.0-M⊙ 的质量范围内。对于半径，来自 X 射线卫星的大量高质量数据集以及理论建模的重大进展导致测量取得了相当大的进展，将它们置于 10-11.5 公里范围内并缩小了它们的不确定性，因为更好的了解系统误差的来源。大质量中子星发现的结合，