Chagas disease is an anthropozoonosis from the American continent that has spread from its original boundaries through migration. It is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, which was identified in the first decade of the 20th century. Once acute infection resolves, patients can develop chronic disease, which in up to 30-40% of cases is characterised by cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, megaviscera, and, more rarely, polyneuropathy and stroke. Even after more than a century, many challenges remain unresolved, since epidemiological control and diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic methods must be improved. In particular, the efficacy and tolerability profile of therapeutic agents is far from ideal. Furthermore, the population affected is older and more complex (eg, immunosuppressed patients and patients with cancer). Nevertheless, in recent years, our knowledge of Chagas disease has expanded, and the international networking needed to change the course of this deadly disease during the 21st century has begun.

中文翻译：

---

恰加斯病。

南美锥虫病是一种来自美洲大陆的人畜共患病，已通过迁徙从其最初的边界蔓延开来。它是由原生动物锥虫锥虫引起的，锥虫在20世纪的前十年被发现。一旦急性感染消退，患者便会发展为慢性疾病，在高达30-40％的病例中，其特征是心肌病，心律不齐，巨脏器，少见的是多发性神经病和中风。甚至在一个多世纪之后，由于必须改进流行病学控制以及诊断，治疗和预后方法，许多挑战仍未解决。特别地，治疗剂的功效和耐受性概况远非理想。此外，受影响的人群年龄较大且较复杂（例如，免疫抑制的患者和患有癌症的患者）。不过，近年来