A large variety of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) have been recently developed to remove organic pollutants from wastewaters to avoid their serious health-risk factors from their environmental accumulation and to reuse the treated water for human activities. The effectiveness of EAOPs is based on the in situ production of strong reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydroxyl radical (OH). Photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) has emerged as a promising powerful EAOP by combining photocatalytic and electrolytic processes. It consists in the promotion of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band of a semiconductor photocatalyst upon light irradiation, with production of positive holes. The fast recombination of the electron/hole pairs formed is avoided in PEC by applying an external bias potential to the photocatalyst that extracts the photogenerated electrons up to the cathode of the electrolytic cell. Organics can be oxidized directly by the holes, ^•OH formed from water oxidation with holes and other ROS produced between the electrons and dissolved O₂. This paper presents a general and critical review on the application of PEC to the remediation of wastewaters with organic pollutants. Special attention is made over the different kinds of photocatalysts utilized and preparation methods of the most ubiquitous TiO₂ materials. Typical PEC systems and main operation variables that affect the effectiveness of the degradation process are also examined. An exhaustive analysis of the advances obtained on the treatment of dyes, chemicals and pharmaceuticals from synthetic solutions, as well as of real wastewaters, is performed. Finally, research prospects are proposed for the future development of PEC with perspectives to industrial application.

最近开发了各种各样的电化学高级氧化工艺（EAOP），用于从废水中去除有机污染物，以避免其因环境积累而产生的严重健康风险因素，并将处理后的水重新用于人类活动。EAOP的有效性基于原位产生的强活性氧（ROS），例如羟基自由基（哦）。通过将光催化和电解过程相结合，光电催化（PEC）已经成为一种有前途的强大EAOP。它包括在光辐照下电子从价带到半导体光催化剂的导带的促进，并产生空穴。在PEC中，通过向光催化剂施加外部偏置电势可以避免形成的电子/空穴对的快速重组，该外部偏置电势会将光生电子提取到电解池的阴极。有机物可被空穴直接氧化；^•由水氧化形成的OH，空穴和电子与溶解的O ₂之间产生的其他ROS。本文概述了PEC在有机污染物废水修复中的应用。特别关注所使用的不同种类的光催化剂和最普遍存在的TiO ₂材料的制备方法。还检查了影响降解过程有效性的典型PEC系统和主要操作变量。对从合成溶液以及实际废水中处理染料，化学药品和药物所取得的进展进行了详尽的分析。最后，从工业应用的角度提出了PEC未来发展的研究前景。