Aromatic bis(dicarboximides), abbreviated as bisimides or diimides, are interesting building blocks for the construction of electro- and photofunctional architectures. The possibility of reversible reduction of aromatic molecules equipped with imide units at modest redox potentials between about −1.3 and −1.0 V vs. the ferrocenium/ferrocene redox couple could be exploited by a broad variety of electroactive cyclophanes, macrocycles and catenane scaffolds to direct molecular motions by charging the systems with electrons. Whilst most of the work in this field has been accomplished for the smaller pyromellitic (PyBI) and naphthalene bisimides (NBI), the larger perylene bisimides (PBI) offered an entry into the field of photofunctional systems. Here cyclophanes with closely stacked PBI units provided insight into exciton coupling in homo and hetero dye dimers or ultrafast loss of coherence of the initially populated exciton states to give excimers or symmetry-broken charge separated states. In contrast, for PBI cyclophanes with larger cavities guest encapsulation could efficiently modulate the photophysical properties to give highly fluorescent host–guest complexes upon incorporation of electron-poor aromatic guest molecules or fully quenched systems upon incorporation of electron-rich molecules. For larger PBI macrocycles energy transfer processes could be investigated as well as the solvent-templated folding into double string ropes with high sensitivity (absorption, fluorescence) for the specific aromatic solvents. Finally, with a metallosupramolecular approach larger macrocycles (e.g. squares and hexagons) and cages (e.g. tetrahedrons) became accessible which could be exploited to study a variety of electro- and photophysical processes.

芳族双（二甲酰亚胺）是缩写为bisimides或diimide，是构建电子和光功能体系结构的有趣构建基块。相对于二茂铁/二茂铁氧化还原对，在约-1.3至-1.0 V的适度氧化还原电势下，配备酰亚胺单元的芳香族分子可逆还原的可能性可通过多种电活性环烷，大环和连环骨架来开发，以指导分子通过给系统充电电子来运动。尽管该领域的大部分工作是针对较小的均苯四甲酸（PyBI）和萘双酰亚胺（NBI）完成的，但较大的bi双酰亚胺（PBI）提供了进入光功能系统领域的入口。在这里，具有紧密堆积的PBI单元的环烷可提供均质和杂色染料二聚体中激子耦合的信息，或超快丧失最初填充的激子态的相干性，从而获得受激子或对称性破坏的电荷分离态。相比之下，对于具有较大空腔的PBI环烷，客体封装可以有效地调节光物理性质，从而在掺入贫电子的芳族客体分子后或在掺入富电子分子的情况下完全淬灭的体系中产生高度荧光的主体-客体复合物。对于更大的PBI大环，可以研究能量转移过程以及溶剂模板折叠成对特定芳香族溶剂具有高灵敏度（吸收，荧光）的双绳。最后，采用金属超分子方法，较大的大环（e。G。正方形和六边形）和笼子（例如四面体）变得可访问，可以用来研究各种电和光物理过程。