In this study, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was applied for surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the presence of glucose and urea. The HTC process allowed the deposition of thin nitrogen-doped carbon layers on the surface of the CNTs. By controlling the ratio of glucose to urea, nitrogen contents of up to 1.7 wt% were achieved. The nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube-supported Pd catalysts exhibited superior electrochemical activity for ethanol oxidation relative to the pristine CNTs. Importantly, a 1.5-fold increase in the specific activity was observed for the Pd/HTC-N1.67%CNTs relative to the catalyst without nitrogen doping (Pd/HTC-CNTs). Further experiments indicated that the introduction of nitrogen species on the surface of the CNTs improved the Pd(0) loading and increased the binding energy.

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在这项研究中，在存在葡萄糖和尿素的情况下，将水热碳化（HTC）用于碳纳米管（CNT）的表面功能化。HTC工艺允许在CNT的表面上沉积一层薄的氮掺杂碳层。通过控制葡萄糖与尿素的比例，可获得高达1.7重量％的氮含量。相对于原始CNT，氮掺杂的碳纳米管负载的Pd催化剂对乙醇的氧化显示出优异的电化学活性。重要的是，相对于无氮掺杂的催化剂（Pd / HTC-CNT），Pd / HTC-N1.67％CNTs的比活性提高了1.5倍。进一步的实验表明，在碳纳米管表面引入氮物种改善了Pd（0）的负载并增加了结合能。

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