The IL-based surfactant octylguanidinium chloride (C₈Gu-Cl) was designed and synthetized with the purpose of obtaining a less harmful surfactant: containing guanidinium as core cation and a relatively short alkyl chain. Its interfacial and aggregation behavior was evaluated through conductivity and fluorescence measurements, presenting a critical micelle concentration value of 42.5 and 44.6 mmol L⁻¹, respectively. Cytotoxicity studies were carried out with C₈Gu-Cl and other IL-based and conventional surfactants, specifically the analogue 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C₈MIm-Cl), and other imidazolium- (C₁₆MIm-Br) and pyridinium- (C₁₆Py-Cl) based surfactants, together with the conventional cationic CTAB and the conventional anionic SDS. From these studies, C₈Gu-Cl was the only one to achieve the classification of low cytotoxicity. An in situ dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) method based on transforming the water-soluble C₈Gu-Cl IL-based surfactant into a water-insoluble IL microdroplet via a simple metathesis reaction was then selected as the extraction/preconcentration method for a group of 6 personal care products (PCPs) present in cosmetic samples. The method was carried out in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and diode array detection (DAD). The method was properly optimized, requiring the use of only 30 μL of C₈Gu-Cl for 10 mL of aqueous sample with a NaCl content of 8% (w/v) to adjust the ionic strength and pH value of 5. The metathesis reaction required the addition of the anion exchange reagent (bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide − 1:1 molar ratio), followed by vortex and centrifugation, and dilution of the final microdroplet up to 60 μL with acetonitrile before the injection in the HPLC-DAD system. The optimum in situ DLLME-HPLC-DAD method takes ∼10 min for the extraction step and ∼22 min for the chromatographic separation, with analytical features of low detection limits: down to 0.4 μg L⁻¹; high reproducibility: with RSD values lower than 10% (intra-day) and 16% (inter-day) for a spiked level of 15 μg L⁻¹; and an average enrichment factor of 89. The requirement of low volumes (30 μL) of a low cytotoxic IL-based surfactant allows the method to be considered less harmful than other common analytical microextraction approaches.

设计并合成了基于IL的表面活性剂辛基胍盐氯化物（C ₈ Gu-Cl），目的是获得危害较小的表面活性剂：包含胍盐作为核心阳离子和较短的烷基链。通过电导率和荧光测量评估了其界面和聚集行为，其临界胶束浓度分别为42.5和44.6 mmol L ^-1。用C ₈ Gu-Cl和其他基于IL的表面活性剂和常规表面活性剂，特别是类似的1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑鎓氯化物（C ₈ MIm-Cl）和其他咪唑鎓-（C ₁₆ MIm-Br）进行了细胞毒性研究。和吡啶鎓-（C ₁₆基于Py-Cl）的表面活性剂，以及常规的阳离子CTAB和常规的阴离子SDS。从这些研究中，C ₈ Gu-Cl是唯一实现低细胞毒性分类的化合物。一个原位基于变换所述水可溶性C-分散液液微萃取（DLLME）方法₈通过一个简单的复分解反应的基于IL-谷-CL的表面活性剂为水不溶性IL微滴，然后选择为用于提取/富集方法化妆品样本中包含一组6种个人护理产品（PCP）。该方法与高效液相色谱（HPLC）和二极管阵列检测（DAD）相结合进行。该方法经过适当优化，仅需使用30μLC ₈Gu-Cl用于10 mL NaCl含量为8％（w / v）的水性样品，以调节离子强度和pH值为5。复分解反应需要添加阴离子交换试剂（双[（（三氟甲基）磺酰基]乙酰亚胺-1：1摩尔比），然后涡旋和离心分离，然后在HPLC-DAD系统中进样前用乙腈将最终的微滴稀释至60μL。最佳的原位DLLME-HPLC-DAD方法需要约10分钟的萃取步骤和约22分钟的色谱分离时间，且具有检测限低的分析功能：低至0.4μgL ^-1；高重现性：对于15μgL ^-1的加标水平，RSD值低于10％（日内）和16％（日间）; 平均富集因子为89。低体积（30μL）的低细胞毒性基于IL的表面活性剂的要求，使该方法被认为比其他常见的分析微萃取方法危害更小。