Economical and environmental concerns are the main motivations for development of energy-efficient processes and new eco-friendly materials for the capture of greenhouse gases. Currently, H₂S capture is dominated by physical and/or chemical absorption technologies, which are, however, energy intensive and often problematic from an environmental point of view due to emission of volatile solvent components. Ionic liquids have been proposed as a promising alternative to conventional solvents because of their low volatility and other interesting properties. The aim of the present review paper is to provide a detailed overview of the achievements and difficulties that have been encountered in finding suitable ionic liquids for H₂S capture. The effect of ionic liquid anions, cations, and functional groups on the H₂S absorption, separation, and oxidation are highlighted. Recent developments on yet scarcely available molecular simulations and on the development of robust predictive methods are also discussed.

经济和环境问题是开发节能工艺和获取温室气体的新型环保材料的主要动力。当前，H ₂ S捕获主要由物理和/或化学吸收技术主导，然而，这是能量密集型的，并且从环境的角度来看，由于挥发性溶剂组分的排放，通常是有问题的。由于离子液体的低挥发性和其他令人感兴趣的特性，已经提出将其作为常规溶剂的有前途的替代品。本文的目的是详细概述在寻找适用于H _2的离子液体方面所取得的成就和遇到的困难。S捕获。突出了离子液体阴离子，阳离子和官能团对H ₂ S吸收，分离和氧化的影响。还讨论了在尚不可用的分子模拟和稳健的预测方法方面的最新进展。