A nonlinear state-variable method is presented and used to solve the pseudo-2D (P2D) Li-ion cell model under high-frequency input current and temperature signals. The physics-based governing equations are formulated into a nonlinear state variable method (NSVM), in which the mass transfer variables are evaluated using a 1^st order exponential integrator approach at each discrete time point and the electrochemical kinetics (Butler-Volmer) equations are solved by either an iterative or an explicit method. This procedure provides an accurate, computationally efficient method to develop physics-based simulations of the performance of a dual-foil Li-ion cell during practical drive cycles.

中文翻译：

---

非线性状态变量法求解具有高频输入的基于物理的锂离子电池模型

提出了一种非线性状态变量方法，用于求解高频输入电流和温度信号下的伪2D（P2D）锂离子电池模型。的基于物理学的控制方程被配制成一种非线性状态变量方法（NSVM），其中，所述质量传递变量使用1评价^ST在每个离散时间点和阶指数积分器的方法的电化学动力学（巴特勒-沃尔默）方程通过迭代或显式方法解决。此过程提供了一种精确的，计算效率高的方法，可用于在实际驾驶周期中对双箔锂离子电池的性能进行基于物理学的仿真。