Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) refer to multifaceted disorders in the intestinal microenvironment and microbiota homeostasis. In view of the broad bioactivity and high compatibility of polyphenols, there is considerable interest in developing a polyphenol-based collaborative platform to remodel the IBD microenvironment and regulate microbiota. Here, we demonstrated the coordination assembly of nanostructured polyphenols to modify probiotics and simultaneously deliver drugs for IBD treatment. Inspired by the distinctive structure of tannic acid (TA), we fabricated nanostructured pBDT-TA by using a self-polymerizable aromatic dithiol (BDT) and TA, which exhibited excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capability in vitro. We thus coated pBDT-TA and sodium alginate (SA) to the surface of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 layer by layer to construct the collaborative platform EcN@SA-pBDT-TA. The modified probiotics showed improved resistance to oxidative and inflammatory stress, which resulted in superior colon accumulation and retention in IBD model mice. Further, EcN@SA-pBDT-TA could alleviate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis by controlling the inflammatory response, repairing intestinal barriers, and modulating gut microbiota. Importantly, EcN@SA-pBDT-TA-mediated IBD drug delivery could achieve an improved therapeutic effect in DSS model mice. Given the availability and functionality of polyphenol and prebiotics, we expected that nanostructured polyphenol-modified probiotics provided a solution to develop a collaborative platform for IBD treatment.

中文翻译：

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多酚纳米颗粒修饰益生菌用于炎症性肠病微环境重塑和靶向治疗

炎症性肠病（IBD）是指肠道微环境和微生物群稳态的多方面紊乱。鉴于多酚广泛的生物活性和高相容性，人们对开发基于多酚的协作平台来重塑IBD微环境和调节微生物群产生了很大的兴趣。在这里，我们展示了纳米结构多酚的协调组装，以修饰益生菌并同时递送用于 IBD 治疗的药物。受单宁酸（TA）独特结构的启发，我们利用自聚合芳香族二硫醇（BDT）和TA制备了纳米结构的pBDT-TA，其在体外表现出优异的抗氧化和抗炎能力。因此，我们将pBDT-TA和海藻酸钠（SA）逐层涂覆在大肠杆菌Nissle 1917表面，构建了协作平台EcN@SA-pBDT-TA。改良后的益生菌表现出对氧化和炎症应激的抵抗力得到改善，从而导致 IBD 模型小鼠的结肠积聚和滞留能力增强。此外，EcN@SA-pBDT-TA 可以通过控制炎症反应、修复肠道屏障和调节肠道微生物群来减轻葡聚糖硫酸钠 (DSS) 诱导的结肠炎。重要的是，EcN@SA-pBDT-TA介导的IBD药物递送可以在DSS模型小鼠中取得更好的治疗效果。鉴于多酚和益生元的可用性和功能性，我们预计纳米结构多酚修饰的益生菌可以为开发 IBD 治疗协作平台提供解决方案。