This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia among patients with gynecological cancer prior to any treatment and to identify contributing factors associated with anemia in this group. We retrospectively analyzed data from female patients aged 18 and above, diagnosed with various forms of gynecological cancer at The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University between February 2016 and March 2021. Anemia was assessed based on the most recent CBC results before any cancer treatment. Eligibility was based on a definitive histopathological diagnosis. Key variables included demographic details, clinical characteristics, and blood counts, focusing on hemoglobin levels. Statistical analysis was conducted using logistic regression models, and anemia was defined as hemoglobin levels below 12 g/dL for women, according to WHO criteria. Of the 320 participants, a significant prevalence of anemia was found. Correlations between anemia and factors like age, educational level, and biological markers (iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 levels) were identified. In our study, we found that the prevalence of anemia among patients with gynecological cancer prior to any treatment was 59.06%, indicating a significant health concern within this population. The study highlights a significant prevalence of anemia in patients with gynecological cancer, emphasizing the need for regular hemoglobin screening and individualized management. These findings suggest the importance of considering various characteristics and clinical variables in anemia management among this patient group. Further studies are needed to explore the long-term effects of these factors on patient outcomes and to develop targeted interventions.

这项回顾性队列研究旨在确定妇科癌症患者在接受任何治疗之前贫血的患病率，并确定与该组贫血相关的影响因素。我们回顾性分析了 2016 年 2 月至 2021 年 3 月期间在西南医科大学附属医院诊断为各种妇科癌症的 18 岁及以上女性患者的数据。根据任何癌症治疗前的最新 CBC 结果评估贫血情况。资格基于明确的组织病理学诊断。关键变量包括人口统计详细信息、临床特征和血细胞计数，重点关注血红蛋白水平。使用逻辑回归模型进行统计分析，根据世界卫生组织的标准，贫血被定义为女性血红蛋白水平低于 12 g/dL。在 320 名参与者中，发现贫血症患病率很高。确定了贫血与年龄、教育水平和生物标志物（铁、叶酸和维生素 B12 水平）等因素之间的相关性。在我们的研究中，我们发现妇科癌症患者在接受任何治疗之前贫血的患病率为 59.06%，这表明该人群存在严重的健康问题。该研究强调了妇科癌症患者贫血的显着患病率，强调定期血红蛋白筛查和个体化管理的必要性。这些发现表明在该患者群体的贫血管理中考虑各种特征和临床变量的重要性。需要进一步的研究来探索这些因素对患者结果的长期影响并制定有针对性的干预措施。