Previous research on the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) in visual perception revealed an early event-related potential (ERP), the visual awareness negativity (VAN), to be associated with stimulus awareness. However, due to the use of brief stimulus presentations in previous studies, it remains unclear whether awareness-related negativities represent a transient onset-related response or correspond to the duration of a conscious percept. Studies are required that allow prolonged stimulus presentation under aware and unaware conditions. The present ERP study aimed to tackle this challenge by using a novel stimulation design. Male and female human participants (n = 62) performed a visual task while task-irrelevant line stimuli were presented in the background for either 500 or 1000 ms. The line stimuli sometimes contained a face, which needed so-called visual one-shot learning to be seen. Half of the participants were informed about the presence of the face, resulting in faces being perceived by the informed but not by the uninformed participants. Comparing ERPs between the informed and uninformed group revealed an enhanced negativity over occipitotemporal electrodes that persisted for the entire duration of stimulus presentation. Our results suggest that sustained visual awareness negativities (SVAN) are associated with the duration of stimulus presentation.

先前对视觉感知中意识的神经关联（NCC）的研究揭示了早期事件相关电位（ERP），即视觉意识负性（VAN），与刺激意识相关。然而，由于在之前的研究中使用了简短的刺激呈现，目前尚不清楚与意识相关的消极情绪是否代表短暂的发作相关反应或对应于意识知觉的持续时间。需要进行研究以允许在有意识和无意识的条件下延长刺激呈现。目前的 ERP 研究旨在通过使用新颖的刺激设计来应对这一挑战。男性和女性参与者 ( n  = 62) 执行视觉任务，同时在背景中呈现与任务无关的线条刺激 500 或 1000 毫秒。线条刺激有时包含一张脸，需要所谓的视觉一次性学习才能看到。一半的参与者被告知面部的存在，导致知情的参与者能够感知到面部，而不知情的参与者则无法感知到面部。比较知情组和不知情组之间的 ERP 发现，枕颞电极的负性增强，这种负性在整个刺激呈现期间持续存在。我们的结果表明，持续视觉意识负性（SVAN）与刺激呈现的持续时间相关。