Since the discovery of ferromagnetic nanoparticles Fe₃O₄ that exhibit enzyme-like activity in 2007, the research on nanoenzymes has made significant progress. With the in-depth study of various nanoenzymes and the rapid development of related nanotechnology, nanoenzymes have emerged as a promising alternative to natural enzymes. Within nanozymes, there is a category of metal-based single-atom nanozymes that has been rapidly developed due to low cast, convenient preparation, long storage, less immunogenicity, and especially higher efficiency. More importantly, single-atom nanozymes possess the capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species through various mechanisms, which is beneficial in the tissue repair process. Herein, this paper systemically highlights the types of metal single-atom nanozymes, their catalytic mechanisms, and their recent applications in tissue repair. The existing challenges are identified and the prospects of future research on nanozymes composed of metallic nanomaterials are proposed. We hope this review will illuminate the potential of single-atom nanozymes in tissue repair, encouraging their sequential clinical translation.

中文翻译：

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组织修复中的单原子纳米酶


自2007年发现具有类酶活性的铁磁性纳米颗粒Fe ₃ O ₄ 以来，纳米酶的研究取得了重大进展。随着对各种纳米酶研究的深入以及相关纳米技术的快速发展，纳米酶已成为天然酶的有前景的替代品。在纳米酶中，有一类金属基单原子纳米酶由于成本低、制备方便、储存时间长、免疫原性小，尤其是效率较高而得到迅速发展。更重要的是，单原子纳米酶具有通过各种机制清除活性氧的能力，这有利于组织修复过程。在此，本文系统地重点介绍了金属单原子纳米酶的类型、其催化机制及其在组织修复中的最新应用。指出了现有的挑战，并提出了由金属纳米材料组成的纳米酶的未来研究前景。我们希望这篇综述能够阐明单原子纳米酶在组织修复中的潜力，鼓励其后续临床转化。