Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via water splitting is considered an attractive method for addressing the increasing global energy crisis and environmental problems. The synthesis of efficient photocatalysts is currently a major focus and challenge in research. In this study, we utilized the impinging stream-rotating packed bed (IS-RPB) combined with the coprecipitation method to synthesize twin-crystal Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S solid solutions with rich sulfur vacancies, continuous and kilogram-scale process. At the optimal high-gravity factor and pH, a series of Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S with twin crystals, sulfur vacancies, and both were controllably synthesized by optimizing the initial impact velocity and crystallization time. This approach resulted in a steady increase in the performance of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via water splitting. The formation of twin-crystal and sulfur vacancies together promotes the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers, thereby enhancing photocatalytic performance. The optimal photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate under visible light was 31.6 mmol g^–1 h^–1, and the largest apparent quantum yield (AQY) can reach a high value of 26.33% at 400 nm. In addition, it also exerts good stability in 12 h cycles. This unique in situ physical approach for constructing sulfur vacancies on twin crystals provides a new process for synthesizing highly efficient metal sulfide photocatalysts.

中文翻译：

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高重力技术制备硫空位双晶 ZnCdS 增强光催化析氢


通过水分解光催化析氢被认为是解决日益严重的全球能源危机和环境问题的一种有吸引力的方法。高效光催化剂的合成是目前研究的主要焦点和挑战。本研究利用撞击流-旋转填充床（IS-RPB）结合共沉淀法合成了富硫双晶Zn _0.5 Cd _0.5 S固溶体空位、连续、公斤级的过程。在最佳的高重力因子和pH值下，通过优化初始冲击速度和结晶过程，可控合成了一系列具有孪晶、硫空位的Zn _0.5 Cd _0.5 S。时间。这种方法通过水分解实现了光催化析氢性能的稳定提高。双晶和硫空位的形成共同促进了光生载流子的分离和转移，从而提高了光催化性能。可见光下最佳光催化析氢速率为31.6 mmol g ^–1 h ^–1 ，最大表观量子产率（AQY）在400 nm处可达到26.33%的高值。此外，它在12小时循环中也表现出良好的稳定性。这种独特的在双晶上构建硫空位的原位物理方法为合成高效金属硫化物光催化剂提供了一种新工艺。