Researching and manufacturing materials that possess both electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and infrared stealth capabilities is of great significance. Herein, an ultrathin polyimide-based nonwoven fabric with low-reflection EMI shielding/infrared stealth performance is successfully fabricated by in-situ loading of Fe₃O₄/Ag nanoparticles on the surface of polyimide (PI) fiber (PFA), and followed by bonding with a commercial Cu/Ni mesh. The synergistic assembly of PFA and Cu/Ni promotes the rational construction of hierarchical impedance matching, inducing electromagnetic waves (EMW) to enter the composite and be dissipated as much as possible. Meanwhile, the existence of Cu/Ni mesh on back of PFA facilitates the formation of electromagnetic resonance and destructive interference of EMW reflected from composite, leading to a lower-reflectivity (0.26) EMI shielding performance of 58 dB within 24–40 GHz at a thinner thickness (430 µm). More importantly, the fluffy PFA nonwoven fabric and metal Cu/Ni mesh endow composite with good thermal insulation and low infrared emissivity, resulting in excellent infrared stealth performance in various environments. As a result, such excellent compatibility makes it possible to become a promising defense material to be applied in military tent for preventing electromagnetic and infrared radiation.

研究和制造兼具电磁干扰（EMI）屏蔽和红外隐身能力的材料具有重要意义。在此，通过在聚酰亚胺（PI）纤维（PFA）表面原位负载Fe ₃ O ₄ /Ag纳米粒子，成功制备了具有低反射EMI屏蔽/红外隐形性能的超薄聚酰亚胺基非织造布，并随后通过与商用铜/镍网粘合。 PFA和Cu/Ni的协同组装促进了分层阻抗匹配的合理构建，诱导电磁波（EMW）进入复合材料并尽可能地消散。同时，PFA背面铜/镍网的存在有利于形成电磁共振和复合材料反射的电磁波的相消干扰，从而在24-40 GHz范围内实现低反射率（0.26）的EMI屏蔽性能，在24-40 GHz范围内达到58 dB厚度更薄（430 µm）。更重要的是，蓬松的PFA无纺布和金属铜/镍网赋予复合材料良好的隔热性和较低的红外发射率，从而在各种环境下具有优异的红外隐身性能。因此，这种优异的相容性使其成为一种有前景的国防材料，应用于军事帐篷中防止电磁和红外辐射。