Dependence on multiple nutritional endosymbionts has evolved repeatedly in insects feeding on unbalanced diets. However, reference genomes for species hosting multi-symbiotic nutritional systems are lacking, even though they are essential for deciphering the processes governing cooperative life between insects and anatomically integrated symbionts. The cereal aphid Sipha maydis is a promising model for addressing these issues, as it has evolved a nutritional dependence on two bacterial endosymbionts that complement each other. In this study, we used PacBio High fidelity (HiFi) long-read sequencing to generate a highly contiguous genome assembly of S. maydis with a length of 410 Mb, 3,570 contigs with a contig N50 length of 187 kb, and BUSCO completeness of 95.5%. We identified 117 Mb of repetitive sequences, accounting for 29% of the genome assembly, and predicted 24,453 protein-coding genes, of which 2,541 were predicted enzymes included in an integrated metabolic network with the two aphid-associated endosymbionts. These resources provide valuable genetic and metabolic information for understanding the evolution and functioning of multi-symbiotic systems in insects.

在以不均衡饮食为食的昆虫中，对多种营养内共生体的依赖不断进化。然而，缺乏承载多共生营养系统的物种的参考基因组，尽管它们对于破译昆虫和解剖学上整合的共生体之间合作生活的过程至关重要。谷物蚜虫Sipha maydis是解决这些问题的一个有前途的模型，因为它已经进化出对两种互补的细菌内共生体的营养依赖。在本研究中，我们使用 PacBio 高保真 (HiFi) 长读长测序生成了高度连续的玉米淀粉基因组组装，长度为 410 Mb，包含 3,570 个重叠群，重叠群 N50 长度为 187 kb，BUSCO 完整性为 95.5 %。我们鉴定了 117 Mb 的重复序列，占基因组组装的 29%，并预测了 24,453 个蛋白质编码基因，其中 2,541 个预测酶包含在与两种蚜虫相关的内共生体的集成代谢网络中。这些资源为了解昆虫多共生系统的进化和功能提供了宝贵的遗传和代谢信息。