In recent years, organic fluorophores-based molecular probes with dual-fluorescence ratiometric responses to / pH (DFR-MPs-pH) have been attracting much interest in fundamental application research fields. More and more scientific publications have reported the exploration of various DFR-MPs-pH systems that have unique dual-fluorescence ratiometry as the signal output, in-built and signal self-calibration functions to improve precise detection of targets. DFR-MPs-pH systems possess high-performance applications in biosensing, bioimaging and biomedicine fields. This review has comprehensively summarized recent advances of DFR-MPs-pH for the first time. First of all, the compositions and types of DFR-MPs-pH are introduced by summarizing different organic fluorophores-based molecule systems. Then, construction strategies are analyzed based on specific components, structures, properties and functions of DFR-MPs-pH. Afterward, biosensing and bioimaging applications are discussed in detail, primarily referring to pH sensing and imaging detection at the levels of living cells and small animals. Finally, biomedicine applications are fully summarized, majorly involving bio-toxicity evaluation, bio-distribution, biomedical diagnosis and therapeutics. Meanwhile, the current status, challenges and perspectives are rationally commented after detailed discussions of representative and state-of-the-art studies. Overall, this present review is comprehensive, in-time and in-depth, and can facilitate the following further exploration of new and versatile DFR-MPs-pH systems toward rational design, facile preparation, superior properties, adjustable functions and highly efficient applications in promising fields.

中文翻译：

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基于有机荧光团的分子探针，对体外/体内 pH 值具有双荧光比率响应，适用于生物传感、生物成像和生物治疗应用


近年来，基于有机荧光团的具有双荧光比率响应 / pH 的分子探针（DFR-MPs-pH）引起了基础应用研究领域的广泛兴趣。越来越多的科学出版物报道了各种 DFR-MPs-pH 系统的探索，这些系统具有独特的双荧光比率测定作为信号输出、内置和信号自校准功能，以提高对目标的精确检测。 DFR-MPs-pH系统在生物传感、生物成像和生物医学领域具有高性能应用。该综述首次全面总结了DFR-MPs-pH的最新进展。首先，通过总结不同的基于有机荧光团的分子系统，介绍了DFR-MPs-pH的组成和类型。然后，根据DFR-MPs-pH的具体成分、结构、性质和功能，分析了构建策略。随后详细讨论了生物传感和生物成像应用，主要涉及活细胞和小动物水平的pH传感和成像检测。最后，对生物医学应用进行了全面总结，主要涉及生物毒性评价、生物分布、生物医学诊断和治疗。同时，在对代表性和最新研究进行详细讨论后，对当前的现状、挑战和观点进行了理性的评论。总体而言，本次综述全面、及时、深入，有利于后续对新型、多功能的DFR-MPs-pH体系的进一步探索，使其设计合理、制备简便、性能优越、功能可调、高效应用。有前景的领域。