Additive manufacturing is a technique that allows the construction of prototypes and has evolved a lot in the last 20 years, innovating industrial fabrication processes in several areas. In chemistry, additive manufacturing has been used in several functionalities, such as microfluidic analytical devices, energy storage devices, and electrochemical sensors. Theophylline and paracetamol are important pharmaceutical drugs where overdosing can cause adverse effects, such as tachycardia, seizures, and even renal failure. Therefore, this paper aims at the development of miniaturized electrochemical sensors using 3D printing and polylactic acid-based conductive carbon black commercial filament for theophylline and paracetamol detection. Electrochemical characterizations of the proposed sensor were performed to prove the functionality of the device. Morphological characterizations were carried out, in which chemical treatment could change the surface structure, causing the improvement of the analytical signal. Thus, the detection of theophylline at a linear range of 5.00–150 μmol L with a limit of detection of 1.2 μmol L was attained, and the detection of paracetamol at a linear range of 1.00–200 μmol L with a limit of detection of 0.370 μmol L was obtained, demonstrating the proposed sensor effectively detected pharmaceutical drugs.

中文翻译：

---

用于药物检测的小型增材制造炭黑/PLA电化学传感器


增材制造是一种可以构建原型的技术，在过去 20 年中得到了很大发展，在多个领域创新了工业制造工艺。在化学领域，增材制造已用于多种功能，例如微流体分析设备、能量存储设备和电化学传感器。茶碱和扑热息痛是重要的药物，过量服用会导致不良反应，例如心动过速、癫痫发作，甚至肾衰竭。因此，本文旨在开发使用3D打印和聚乳酸基导电炭黑商业丝的微型电化学传感器，用于茶碱和扑热息痛的检测。对所提出的传感器进行电化学表征以证明该设备的功能。进行了形态表征，其中化学处理可以改变表面结构，从而导致分析信号的改善。因此，茶碱的检测线性范围为 5.00~150 μmol·L，检出限为 1.2 μmol·L；扑热息痛的检测线性范围为 1.00~200 μmol·L，检出限为 0.370获得μmol L，证明所提出的传感器可以有效检测药物。