In current clinical practices related to orthopedics, dental, and cardiovascular surgeries, a number of biomaterial coatings, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), diamond-like carbon (DLC), have been used in combination with metallic substrates (stainless steel, Ti6Al4V alloy, etc.). Although SiBCN coatings are widely explored in material science for diverse applications, their potential remains largely unexplored for biomedical applications. With this motivation, the present work reports the development of SiB_xC_yN_zO_m coatings on a Ti6Al4V substrate, employing a reactive radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique. Three different coating compositions (Si_0.27B_0.10C_0.31N_0.07O_0.24, Si_0.23B_0.06C_0.21N_0.22O_0.27, and Si_0.20B_0.05C_0.19N_0.20O_0.35) were obtained using a Si₂BC₂N target and varying nitrogen flow rates. The hydrophilic properties of the as-synthesized coatings were rationalized in terms of an increase in the number of oxygen-containing functional groups (OH and NO) on the surface, as probed using XPS and FTIR analyses. Furthermore, the cellular monoculture of SVEC4–10 endothelial cells and L929 fibroblasts established good cytocompatibility. More importantly, the coculture system of SVEC4–10 and L929, in the absence of growth factors, demonstrated clear cellular phenotypical changes, with extensive sprouting leading to tube-like morphologies on the coating surfaces, when stimulated using a customized cell stimulator (StimuCell) with 1.15 V/cm direct current (DC) electric field strength for 1 h. In addition, the hemocompatibility assessment using human blood samples revealed clinically acceptable hemolysis, less erythrocyte adhesion, shorter plasma recalcification, and reduced risk for thrombosis on the SiB_xC_yN_zO_m coatings, when compared to uncoated Ti6Al4V. Taken together, the present study unambiguously establishes excellent cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and defines the preangiogenic properties of SiB_xC_yN_zO_m bioceramic coatings for potential biomedical applications.

中文翻译：

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用于生物医学应用的 SiBxCyNzOm 涂层的血液相容性和血管生成前特性


在当前骨科、牙科和心血管手术相关的临床实践中，许多生物材料涂层，如羟基磷灰石（HAp）、类金刚石碳（DLC），已与金属基材（不锈钢、Ti6Al4V合金、 ETC。）。尽管 SiBCN 涂层在材料科学中的多种应用中得到了广泛探索，但其在生物医学应用中的潜力仍未得到充分开发。出于这个动机，本工作报告了在 Ti6Al4V 基底上开发 SiB _x C _y N _z O _m 涂层，采用反应射频（RF）磁控溅射技术。三种不同的涂层成分（Si _0.27 B _0.10 C _0.31 N _0.07 O _0.24 、 Si _0.23 B _0.06 C _0.21 N _0.22 O _0.27 和 Si _0.20 B _0.05 C _0.19 N _0.20 O _0.35 ) 使用 Si ₂ BC ₂ N 获得目标和变化的氮气流量。使用 XPS 和 FTIR 分析探测到，合成涂层的亲水性能通过表面含氧官能团（OH 和 NO）数量的增加而合理化。此外，SVEC4-10内皮细胞和L929成纤维细胞的细胞单一培养建立了良好的细胞相容性。更重要的是，在没有生长因子的情况下，SVEC4-10 和 L929 的共培养系统表现出明显的细胞表型变化，当使用定制的细胞刺激器 (StimuCell) 刺激时，广泛发芽导致涂层表面出现管状形态。 1.15 V/cm 直流 (DC) 电场强度 1 小时。 此外，使用人体血液样本进行的血液相容性评估显示，SiB 具有临床可接受的溶血、红细胞粘附减少、血浆再钙化时间缩短以及血栓形成风险降低 _x C _y N _z O _m 涂层，与未涂层的 Ti6Al4V 相比。总而言之，本研究明确确立了优异的细胞相容性、血液相容性，并定义了 SiB _x C _y N _z O _m 用于潜在生物医学应用的生物陶瓷涂层。