There is growing attention focused toward the problems of ecological sustainability and food safety raised from the abuse of herbicides, which underscores the need for the development of a portable and reliable sensor for simple, rapid, and user-friendly on-site analysis of herbicide residues. Herein, a novel multifunctional hydrogel composite is explored to serve as a portable and flexible sensor for the facile and efficient analysis of atrazine (ATZ) residues. The hydrogel electrode is fabricated by doping graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) into the aramid nanofiber reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel via a simple solution-casting procedure. Benefiting from the excellent electroactivity and large specific surface area of the solid nanoscale component, the prepared hydrogel sensor is capable of simple, rapid, and sensitive detection of ATZ with a detection limit down to 0.002 ng/mL and per test time less than 1 min. After combination with a smartphone-controlled portable electrochemical analyzer, the flexible sensor exhibited satisfactory analytical performance for the ATZ assay. We further demonstrated the applications of the sensor in the evaluation of the ATZ residues in real water and soil samples as well as the user-friendly on-site point-of-need detection of ATZ residues on various agricultural products. We envision that this flexible and portable sensor will open a new avenue on the development of next-generation analytical tools for herbicide monitoring in the environment and agricultural products.

中文翻译：

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用于农产品现场阿特拉津测定的便携式柔性水凝胶传感器


由于除草剂滥用而引发的生态可持续性和食品安全问题越来越受到人们的关注，这凸显了开发便携式可靠传感器的必要性，以对除草剂残留进行简单、快速和用户友好的现场分析。在此，探索了一种新型多功能水凝胶复合材料作为便携式灵活传感器，用于轻松有效地分析莠去津（ATZ）残留物。该水凝胶电极是通过简单的溶液浇铸程序将石墨相氮化碳（g-C ₃ N ₄ ）掺杂到芳纶纳米纤维增强聚（乙烯醇）水凝胶中而制成的。得益于固体纳米级组分优异的电活性和大的比表面积，所制备的水凝胶传感器能够简单、快速、灵敏地检测ATZ，检测限低至0.002 ng/mL，每次测试时间小于1 min 。与智能手机控制的便携式电化学分析仪结合使用后，柔性传感器在 ATZ 测定中表现出令人满意的分析性能。我们进一步展示了该传感器在真实水样和土壤样品中ATZ残留评估以及各种农产品上ATZ残留的人性化现场定点检测中的应用。我们预计，这种灵活的便携式传感器将为开发用于环境和农产品中除草剂监测的下一代分析工具开辟一条新途径。