Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), a highly engineered lightweight material with superior properties, is widely used in industrial fields, such as aerospace, automobile, and railway transportation, as well as medical implants and supercapacitor. This work presents an effective surface treatment method for the controllable fabrication of hydrophilic surface micro/nanostructures of CFRP through femtosecond laser processing. Selective removal of the epoxy resin and leaving the carbon fibers exposed are achieved when CFRP is weakly ablated by a femtosecond laser. The diameters and structures of the carbon fibers can be controlled by adjusting the laser processing parameters. Three-dimensional surface micro/nanostructures are processed when CFRP is strongly ablated by a femtosecond laser. Meanwhile, the transformation of the sp² orbitals to sp³ orbitals of graphitic carbons of carbon fibers is induced by a femtosecond laser. Moreover, the investigation of surface roughness and wettability of femtosecond laser-processed CFRP indicates increased roughness and excellent hydrophilicity (a contact angle of 28.1°). This work reveals the effect of femtosecond laser processing on the regulation of the physicochemical properties of CFRP, which can be applicable to surface treatment and performance control of other fiber-resin composites. The excellent hydrophilicity will be conducive to the combination of CFRP with other materials or to reducing the friction resistance of CFRP used in medical implants.

中文翻译：

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飞秒激光可控制备CFRP亲水表面微纳结构


碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）是一种具有优异性能的高度工程化的轻质材料，广泛应用于航空航天、汽车、铁路运输等工业领域以及医疗植入物和超级电容器。这项工作提出了一种有效的表面处理方法，通过飞秒激光加工可控制造碳纤维复合材料的亲水表面微/纳米结构。当CFRP被飞秒激光微弱烧蚀时，可以选择性地去除环氧树脂并使碳纤维暴露出来。碳纤维的直径和结构可以通过调整激光加工参数来控制。当CFRP被飞秒激光强烈烧蚀时，可以加工出三维表面微/纳米结构。同时，通过飞秒激光诱导碳纤维石墨碳的sp ² 轨道向sp ³ 轨道的转变。此外，对飞秒激光加工的 CFRP 的表面粗糙度和润湿性的研究表明，其粗糙度增加，并且具有优异的亲水性（接触角为 28.1°）。该工作揭示了飞秒激光加工对CFRP理化性能的调控作用，可应用于其他纤维-树脂复合材料的表面处理和性能控制。优异的亲水性将有利于CFRP与其他材料的结合或降低CFRP用于医疗植入物的摩擦阻力。