To determine the antifungal, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol (RES) in ) keratitis. Cytotoxicity assay and Draize eye assay were performed to assess the toxicity of RES. The antifungal effect of RES was assessed by minimal inhibitory concentration, scanning or transmission electron microscopy, propidium iodide uptake assay, and Calcofluor white staining. Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, mRNA and protein levels of Dectin-1 and related inflammatory factors were measured by qRT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot and . Clinical score, HE staining, plate count, and myeloperoxidase test were used to observe the progress of fungal keratitis. IF staining, qRT-PCR, and the Von Frey test were selected to assess the neuroprotective effects of RES. RES suppressed hyphae growth and altered hyphae morphology . RES decreased the expression of Dectin-1, IL-1β and TNF-α, as well as p38 MAPK phosphorylation expression, and also decreased clinical scores, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and neutrophil activity, and decreased fungal load. RES also protected corneal basal nerve fibers, down-regulated mechanosensitivity thresholds, and increased the mRNA levels of CGRP and TRPV-1.. These evidences revealed that RES could exert antifungal effects on and ameliorate FK through suppressing the Dectin-1/p38 MAPK pathway to down-regulate IL-1β, IL-6, etc. expression and play protective effect on corneal nerves.

中文翻译：

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白藜芦醇具有神经保护作用，并通过 Dectin-1/p38 通路在烟曲霉角膜炎中发挥抗炎作用

确定白藜芦醇 (RES) 在角膜炎中的抗真菌、抗炎和神经保护作用。进行细胞毒性试验和Draize眼试验来评估RES的毒性。通过最小抑菌浓度、扫描或透射电子显微镜、碘化丙啶摄取测定和卡尔科弗洛白染色评估RES的抗真菌作用。通过 qRT-PCR、ELISA 和 Western blot 检测 p38 MAPK 的磷酸化、Dectin-1 的 mRNA 和蛋白水平以及相关炎症因子。采用临床评分、HE染色、平板计数、髓过氧化物酶试验观察真菌性角膜炎的进展情况。选择 IF 染色、qRT-PCR 和 Von Frey 试验来评估 RES 的神经保护作用。 RES 抑制菌丝生长并改变菌丝形态。 RES 降低了 Dectin-1、IL-1β 和 TNF-α 的表达以及 p38 MAPK 磷酸化表达，还降低了临床评分，减少了炎症细胞浸润和中性粒细胞活性，并降低了真菌负荷。 RES还保护角膜基底神经纤维，下调机械敏感性阈值，并增加CGRP和TRPV-1的mRNA水平。这些证据表明RES可以通过抑制Dectin-1/p38 MAPK通路发挥抗真菌作用并改善FK下调IL-1β、IL-6等表达，对角膜神经起到保护作用。