As a bulk industrial solid waste, coal gangue has caused serious pollution to the environment, and its application in the field of soil amendments has been widely studied, but the mechanism of pore structure regulation of coal gangue as soil substrate has not been reported in the literature. In this paper, the physical and chemical properties of coal gangue are analyzed, and its particle size, element content, and occurrence state are defined. The regulation mechanism of pores and pores in preparing matrix soil with coal gangue is revealed, and an efficient and energy-saving fluidizing activation technology is proposed to prepare active matrix soil. The results show that matrix soil with optimal pore structure can be obtained by fluidized bed calcination at 700 °C for 15 min, with a porosity of 55.0 %, volumetric water content of 28.7 %, and gas phase rate of 24.8 %. The technology also removes carbon, which is prone to natural fires, and fixes sulfur, which is good for plant growth. The formation and regulation mechanism of pores structure of soil matrix prepared by fluidized calcination of coal gangue is as follows: The oxidation reaction of carbon and the decomposition of minerals in coal gangue will form pore structures. Adjusting the reaction temperature and time, controlling the rate of carbon oxidation reaction, and the rate of mineral decomposition can achieve the goal of regulating the pore structure. Large pores with a pore size greater than 0.03 mm are formed by the oxidation of carbon and the decomposition of kaolinite. The pores with a diameter of 0.0001–0.03 mm are formed by the overflow of carbon dioxide gas, which is generated by the oxidation reaction of carbon embedded in coal gangue particles and the decomposition of calcium carbonate. The results of this study will provide technical and theoretical support for promoting the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue and improving environmental protection.

中文翻译：

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煤矸石流化床煅烧制备土壤基质孔隙结构调控机制研究

煤矸石作为大宗工业固废，对环境造成了严重污染，其在土壤改良领域的应用已被广泛研究，但煤矸石作为土壤基质的孔隙结构调控机制尚未见报道。文学。本文对煤矸石的理化性质进行了分析，明确了煤矸石的粒度、元素含量和赋存状态。揭示了煤矸石制备基质土的孔隙与孔隙调控机制，提出了一种高效节能的流态化活化技术制备活性基质土。结果表明，流化床在700 ℃下焙烧15 min可得到具有最佳孔隙结构的基质土，其孔隙率为55.0 %，体积含水量为28.7 %，气相率为24.8 %。该技术还可以去除容易发生自然火灾的碳，并固定有利于植物生长的硫。煤矸石流态化煅烧制备的土壤基质孔隙结构的形成及调控机理为：煤矸石中碳的氧化反应和矿物质的分解，形成孔隙结构。调节反应温度和时间，控制碳氧化反应速率和矿物分解速率即可达到调节孔隙结构的目的。孔径大于0.03毫米的大孔是由碳的氧化和高岭石的分解形成的。煤矸石颗粒中嵌入的碳发生氧化反应，碳酸钙分解后，产生二氧化碳气体溢出，形成直径为0.0001～0.03毫米的孔隙。本研究成果将为促进煤矸石综合利用、改善环境保护提供技术和理论支撑。