This review explores the role of microorganisms and metabolites in human breast milk and their impact on neonatal health. Breast milk serves as both a primary source of nutrition for newborns and contributes to the development and maturation of the digestive, immunological, and neurological systems. It has the potential to reduce the risks of infections, allergies, and asthma. As our understanding of the properties of human milk advances, there is growing interest in incorporating its benefits into personalized infant nutrition strategies, particularly in situations in which breastfeeding is not an option. Future infant formula products are expected to emulate the composition and advantages of human milk, aligning with an evolving understanding of infant nutrition. The long-term health implications of human milk are still under investigation.

中文翻译：

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人母乳：其微生物群和代谢物在婴儿健康中的作用

本综述探讨了微生物和代谢物在人母乳中的作用及其对新生儿健康的影响。母乳既是新生儿的主要营养来源，又有助于消化、免疫和神经系统的发育和成熟。它有可能降低感染、过敏和哮喘的风险。随着我们对母乳特性的了解不断加深，人们越来越有兴趣将其益处纳入个性化婴儿营养策略中，特别是在母乳喂养不可行的情况下。未来的婴儿配方奶粉产品预计将模仿母乳的成分和优点，符合对婴儿营养不断发展的理解。母乳对健康的长期影响仍在调查中。