Electrophysiological techniques, by measuring bioelectrical signals and ion channel activities in tissues and cells, are now widely utilized to study ion channel-related physiological functions and their underlying mechanisms. Electrophysiological techniques have been extensively employed in the investigation of animals, plants, and microorganisms; however, their application in marine algae lags behind that in other organisms. In this paper, we present an overview of current electrophysiological techniques applicable to algae while reviewing the historical usage of such techniques in this field. Furthermore, we explore the potential specific applications of electrophysiological technology in harmful algal bloom (HAB) research. The application prospects in the studies of stress tolerance, competitive advantage, nutrient absorption, toxin synthesis and secretion by HAB microalgae are discussed and anticipated herein with the aim of providing novel perspectives on HAB investigations.

中文翻译：

---

海洋微藻研究中的电生理技术：有害藻华（HAB）研究的新视角

电生理学技术通过测量组织和细胞中的生物电信号和离子通道活性，现已广泛用于研究离子通道相关的生理功能及其潜在机制。电生理学技术已广泛应用于动物、植物和微生物的研究；然而，它们在海藻中的应用落后于在其他生物中的应用。在本文中，我们概述了当前适用于藻类的电生理学技术，同时回顾了此类技术在该领域的历史使用。此外，我们还探讨了电生理技术在有害藻华（HAB）研究中的潜在具体应用。本文对HAB微藻在胁迫耐受、竞争优势、养分吸收、毒素合成和分泌等研究中的应用前景进行了讨论和展望，旨在为HAB研究提供新的视角。