To combat land degradation through conserving soil and water resources, Ethiopia has undergone vigorous implementation of soil and water conservation (SWC) measures, predominantly physical structures. To evaluate the effectiveness of these implemented structures, various researches have been conducted through using both measured and simulated approaches. This study was initiated to analyze the reliability of SWAT‐based simulated studies results on the effectiveness of SWC measures toward erosion reduction potential against the measured dataset using unpaired t‐test statistical analysis. In this study, 123 published papers were downloaded, of which 70 were found to be more related to the objective of the review. After applying four refining criteria, only 43 were found more compatible with the study objective and used for data analysis. Studies conducted by different scholars show up to 98% and 93.50% soil loss reduction effectiveness by SWC measures in measured and simulated approaches, respectively. The simulated SWC measure efficiency output was also evaluated with respect to the ground‐measured data of the same structure within the same agroecology class. Finally, the unpaired t‐test results indicated that the grass strip in the mid‐highland agroecology showed a significant difference from the measured one at a 95% significance level. However, none of the other measures showed significant differences between the measured and simulated datasets. Hence, the SWAT model can effectively simulate the effectiveness of physical SWC measures on soil loss reduction if it is well‐calibrated and validated with sediment yield data. Refining model parameters that can be sufficiently captured and represent biological measures (grass strip), incorporating additional field data for calibration and validation coupled with exploring alternative modeling approaches that efficiently simulate biological SWC was set as a recommendation to obtain an effective biological measure simulation.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚模拟和观测数据集下物理水土保持措施的有效性：荟萃分析

为了通过保护土壤和水资源来应对土地退化，埃塞俄比亚大力实施水土保持（SWC）措施，主要是物理结构。为了评估这些实施结构的有效性，已经通过使用测量和模拟方法进行了各种研究。本研究旨在分析基于 SWAT 的模拟研究结果的可靠性，即 SWC 措施对减少侵蚀潜力的有效性，并使用不配对 t 检验统计分析的测量数据集。在这项研究中，下载了 123 篇发表的论文，其中 70 篇被发现与综述的目标更相关。应用 4 项细化标准后，仅发现 43 项更符合研究目标并用于数据分析。不同学者的研究表明，SWC措施的实测和模拟土壤流失效果分别高达98%和93.50%。模拟的 SWC 测量效率输出也根据同一农业生态类别内相同结构的地面测量数据进行了评估。最后，未配对的t检验结果表明，中高原农业生态中的草带与实测草带在95%的显着性水平上表现出显着差异。然而，其他措施均未显示出测量数据集和模拟数据集之间存在显着差异。因此，如果用产沙数据进行良好校准和验证，SWAT 模型可以有效模拟物理 SWC 措施对减少土壤流失的有效性。细化可以充分捕获并代表生物测量（草带）的模型参数，纳入额外的现场数据进行校准和验证，再加上探索有效模拟生物 SWC 的替代建模方法，被设置为获得有效生物测量模拟的建议。