Saline‐alkali soil degradation is a significant environmental problem with a negative impact on sustainable agroforestry development. Therefore, efficient remediation methods are urgently required. A potential solution to this problem is using biochar produced from bamboo waste and inoculated with plant growth‐promoting microbes as cleaner production materials for saline‐alkali soil. The present study investigated the potential of combining biochar, microbes, and dwarf bamboo to improve saline‐alkali soil. Different application rates (1%, 3%, and 5% of soil mass) of biochar were added to coastal saline soil planted with dwarf bamboo (Pleioblastus argenteastriatus) in pot experiments. Soil physicochemical properties, microbial communities, and plant responses were systematically studied. Bamboo and microbial‐modified biochar effectively decreased soil pH and electrical conductivity and increased soil nutrient contents. Compared with untreated soil, the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial phyla Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi, and dominant fungal phyla Basidiomycota increased after applying biochar and modified biochar. With the increase in application concentration, the antioxidant activities of modified biochar decreased, biochar peroxidase and catalase content decreased, and the malondialdehyde content of bamboo biochar and microbial‐modified bamboo biochar decreased. The biomass of bamboo with added biochar and modified biochar was significantly higher than that of untreated soil. Comprehensive correlation and redundancy analyses showed that the bacterial and fungal communities were greatly affected by soil factors, especially soil pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, potassium, and sodium ions. The findings of this study suggest that 5% bamboo biochar and 3% modified biochar benefit soil remediation, improve the stress resistance of dwarf bamboo, and enhance plant growth. Therefore, combined biochar–microbe remediation has great potential for the sustainable improvement of saline‐alkali soil.

中文翻译：

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微生物促进生物炭修复盐碱土壤：土壤性质、微生物群落和植物反应

盐碱土退化是一个重大的环境问题，对可持续农林业发展产生负面影响。因此，迫切需要有效的修复方法。解决这一问题的一个潜在解决方案是使用由竹子废料生产并接种促进植物生长的微生物的生物炭作为盐碱地的清洁生产材料。本研究调查了生物炭、微生物和矮竹相结合改善盐碱土壤的潜力。在种植矮竹的滨海盐碱土中添加不同施用量（土壤质量的1%、3%和5%）的生物炭（银纹苦竹）在盆栽实验中。系统地研究了土壤理化性质、微生物群落和植物反应。竹子和微生物改性生物炭有效降低土壤pH值和电导率，增加土壤养分含量。与未处理土壤相比，施用生物炭和改性生物炭后，优势细菌门酸杆菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门和优势真菌门担子菌门的相对丰度增加。随着施用浓度的增加，改性生物炭的抗氧化活性降低，生物炭过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶含量降低，竹生物炭和微生物改性竹生物炭的丙二醛含量降低。添加生物炭和改性生物炭的竹子生物量显着高于未处理的土壤。综合相关性和冗余分析表明，细菌和真菌群落受土壤因素影响较大，特别是土壤pH、电导率、总有机碳、钾、钠离子。本研究结果表明，5%竹生物炭和3%改性生物炭有利于土壤修复，提高矮化竹的抗逆性，促进植物生长。因此，生物炭-微生物联合修复对于盐碱地的可持续改良具有巨大的潜力。