Rotavirus is linked to severe childhood gastroenteritis and neurological complications, but its impact on neurodevelopment remains uncertain. We examined data from 1,420,941 Korean children born between 2009 and 2011, using the Korean National Health Insurance System. At age 6, we assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes using the validated Korean Developmental Test, covering six major domains. Utilizing propensity score-based Inverse Probability Weighting to ensure covariates including considering covariates including sex, birth weight, changes in body weight from birth to 4–6 months of age, head circumference at 4–6 months of age, residence at birth, economic status, infant feeding types, and birth year. The main analysis that encompassed 5,451 children with rotavirus hospitalization and 310,874 unexposed individuals reveled heightened odds of suspected delays in fine motor skills and cognition among exposed children. Our results suggest an association between rotavirus-related hospitalization in infancy and suspected delays in fine motor function and cognition in 6-year-olds.

中文翻译：

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儿童早期轮状病毒住院治疗：六岁时的精细运动技能和认知——基于人群的队列研究

轮状病毒与严重的儿童胃肠炎和神经系统并发症有关，但其对神经发育的影响仍不确定。我们使用韩国国民健康保险系统检查了 2009 年至 2011 年间出生的 1,420,941 名韩国儿童的数据。 6 岁时，我们使用经过验证的韩国发育测试评估了神经发育结果，涵盖六个主要领域。利用基于倾向得分的逆概率加权来确保协变量，包括考虑协变量，包括性别、出生体重、从出生到4-6个月大的体重变化、4-6个月大时的头围、出生时居住地、经济状况、婴儿喂养类型和出生年份。主要分析包括 5,451 名因轮状病毒住院治疗的儿童和 310,874 名未接触过轮状病毒的儿童，结果显示，接触过轮状病毒的儿童中，疑似出现精细运动技能和认知迟缓的可能性更高。我们的研究结果表明，婴儿期轮状病毒相关住院治疗与 6 岁儿童精细运动功能和认知迟缓之间存在关联。