Water reuse for potable purposes can represent a realistic source supply of drinking water in areas with water scarcity. Therefore, combining conventional wastewater treatment technologies with advanced technologies is necessary to remove contaminants and obtain high-quality and safe water. In this study, the pesticides and degradation products, atrazine (ATZ), hydroxyatrazine (ATZOH), deethylatrazine (DEA), deisopropylatrazine (DIA), simazine (SMZ), ametryn (AMT), diuron (DIU), 2,4-D, fipronil (FIP), fipronil sulfide (FIP-SF) and fipronil sulfone (FIP-SN) were evaluated in effluent after membrane bioreactor (MBR), effluent after advanced treatment by multiple barriers (MBR, reverse osmosis, UV/HO and activated carbon), in tap water collected in the urban region of Campinas and in the Atibaia River (water supply source from city of Campinas). The pesticide concentrations in the Atibaia River and the post-MBR effluent ranged between 1 and 434 ng L and 1 and 470 ng L, respectively. Therefore, the Atibaia River and the post-MBR effluent had the same magnitude pesticide concentrations. In the production of potable water reuse, after the multiple barriers processes, only fipronil (1 ng L) and atrazine (3 ng L) were quantified in some of the samples. In tap water from Campinas, atrazine, ATZOH, DEA, diuron, and 2,4-D were quantified in concentrations ranging between 3 and 425 ng L. Therefore, when comparing drinking water obtained from conventional treatment with potable water reuse, according to the pesticides studied, it is possible to conclude that the advanced treatment used on a pilot scale is promising for use in a potable water reuse plant. However, studies involving more microbiological and chemical parameters should be conducted to classify potable water reuse as drinking water.

中文翻译：

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多重屏障作为去除农药的有效处理方法，旨在直接饮用水再利用：一项中试规模研究


水回用用于饮用水可以代表缺水地区的实际饮用水源供应。因此，有必要将传统废水处理技术与先进技术相结合，以去除污染物并获得优质安全的水。在这项研究中，农药和降解产物，莠去津（ATZ），羟基莠去津（ATZOH），去乙基莠去津（DEA），去异丙基莠去津（DIA），西玛嗪（SMZ），莠灭净（AMT），敌草隆（DIU），2,4-D 、氟虫腈 (FIP)、氟虫腈硫化物 (FIP-SF) 和氟虫腈砜 (FIP-SN) 在膜生物反应器 (MBR) 后的出水、经过多重屏障（MBR、反渗透、UV/H2O 和活化）深度处理后的出水中进行评估碳），存在于坎皮纳斯市区和阿蒂巴亚河（坎皮纳斯市供水源）收集的自来水中。阿蒂巴亚河和 MBR 后出水的农药浓度分别在 1 至 434 ng·L 和 1 至 470 ng·L 之间。因此，阿蒂巴亚河和 MBR 后的出水具有相同的农药浓度。在饮用水回用生产中，经过多重屏障处理后，部分样品中仅对氟虫腈 (1 ng L) 和莠去津 (3 ng L) 进行了定量。在坎皮纳斯的自来水中，莠去津、ATZOH、DEA、敌草隆和 2,4-D 的浓度在 3 至 425 ng L 之间进行定量。因此，在比较传统处理的饮用水与饮用水回用获得的饮用水时，根据通过对农药的研究，可以得出这样的结论：中试规模使用的深度处理有望用于饮用水回用厂。 然而，应进行涉及更多微生物和化学参数的研究，将饮用水回用归类为饮用水。