During popular festivals, overtourism can be a significant problem that negatively affects many tourist destinations. This study carried out a systematic review of the literature on pride and the effects of perceived overtourism. Based on the variables and concepts found in the literature, a questionnaire was developed with 37 items that reflect different dimensions and stages of mitigating the effects of overtourism. Experts were consulted for questionnaire validation, and the validation process was conducted through a sequential procedure. The questionnaire's psychometric properties were tested using principal component analysis (PCA) and least squares partial structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicated that the developed scale has good internal consistency and construct validity. The results demonstrate that cultural and economic aspects strongly influence residents' pride, giving them a more positive perception of the festival, despite the challenges associated with tourist saturation.

中文翻译：

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骄傲（以旅游业的名义）：减轻过度旅游对节日的影响

在热门节日期间，过度旅游可能是一个严重问题，对许多旅游目的地产生负面影响。这项研究对有关自豪感和过度旅游影响的文献进行了系统回顾。根据文献中发现的变量和概念，我们制定了一份包含 37 个项目的调查问卷，反映了缓解过度旅游影响的不同维度和阶段。咨询专家进行问卷验证，验证过程按顺序进行。使用主成分分析（PCA）和最小二乘偏结构方程模型（PLS-SEM）测试问卷的心理测量特性。结果表明，所编制的量表具有良好的内部一致性和结构效度。结果表明，文化和经济方面强烈影响居民的自豪感，使他们对节日有更积极的看法，尽管面临游客饱和的挑战。