While remote sensing has provided extensive insights into the global terrestrial water, carbon, and energy cycles, space-based retrievals remain limited in observing the belowground influence of the full soil moisture (SM) profile on ecosystem function. We show that this gap can be addressed when coupling 70 m resolution ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station retrievals of land surface temperature (LST) with in-situ SM profile measurements. These data sets together reveal that ecosystem water use decreases with depth with 93% of sites showing significant LST coupling with SM shallower than 20 cm while 34% of sites have interactions with SM deeper than 50 cm. Furthermore, the median depth of peak ecosystem water use is estimated to be 10 cm, though forests have more common peak interactions with deeper soil layers (50–100 cm) in 37% of cases. High spatial resolution remote sensing coupled with field-level data can thus elucidate the role of belowground processes on land surface behavior.

中文翻译：

---

ECOSTRESS 揭示生态系统用水的土壤湿度概况

虽然遥感为全球陆地水、碳和能量循环提供了广泛的见解，但天基反演在观察完整土壤湿度（SM）剖面对生态系统功能的地下影响方面仍然有限。我们证明，当将 70 m 分辨率 ECOsystem 星载热辐射计实验与空间站地表温度 (LST) 反演与原位 SM 剖面测量相结合时，可以解决这一差距。这些数据集共同表明，生态系统用水量随着深度的增加而减少，93% 的站点显示出与浅于 20 厘米的 SM 显着的 LST 耦合，而 34% 的站点与深于 50 厘米的 SM 存在交互作用。此外，生态系统用水峰值深度的中位数估计为 10 厘米，尽管在 37% 的情况下，森林与更深土层 (50-100 厘米) 的峰值相互作用更为常见。因此，高空间分辨率遥感与现场数据相结合可以阐明地下过程对地表行为的作用。