The cooling performance and water consumption of the wet cooling tower are two important parameters that must be balanced to achieve the optimum performance of this industrial component in its operating condition. The performance of the wet cooling towers can be analyzed by the thermodynamic models. On the other hand, fouling can drastically affect the cooling tower performance. In the present research, a thermodynamic model is developed and validated with numerical and experimental results in order to investigate the wet cooling tower's water consumption and cooling performance under various weather conditions. The model includes an accurate cooling tower model, considering the buoyancy force and droplets evaporation in the rain and spray zones. To achieve accurate results, an optimization algorithm is also utilized to solve the equations. This model was then applied to analyze the water consumption and cooling performance of a small cooling tower during the hottest months of Iran (July/August) in Ahvaz, Tabriz, and Yazd with different climate conditions. The non-dimensional parameter of the fill performance index () was used to describe the fouling in the packing. So, considering the simultaneous effects of the buoyancy force and droplet evaporation in the rain and spray zones and fouling in packing in the developed model, with utilizing a new and accurate method to solve the model's equation to analyze the performance of the wet cooling towers under different conditions, are the novelty of this study. Based on the results, a rise in fouling decreases the fill performance index. A decline in the fill performance index from 2.4 to 1.2 increases the monthly average of the cooling tower outlet water temperature from 24.24, 21.21, and 21.19 to 25.94, 24.14, and 24.11 in Ahvaz, Tabriz, and Yazd, respectively, while the monthly water consumption decreases from 1.74, 1.87, and 2.22 to 0.99, 1.10, and 1.29 in the mentioned cities, respectively. The maximum outlet water temperature was observed in case , while the maximum water consumption occurred in . So, ambient conditions and fouling simultaneously affect the performance of the cooling tower, which is well predicted by the suggested model.

中文翻译：

---

研究污垢和环境条件对湿式冷却塔冷却性能和水消耗的同时影响

湿式冷却塔的冷却性能和水消耗量是必须平衡的两个重要参数，以实现该工业组件在其运行条件下的最佳性能。湿式冷却塔的性能可以通过热力学模型进行分析。另一方面，污垢会极大地影响冷却塔的性能。在本研究中，开发了热力学模型并通过数值和实验结果进行验证，以研究湿式冷却塔在各种天气条件下的耗水量和冷却性能。该模型包括精确的冷却塔模型，考虑了雨区和喷雾区的浮力和液滴蒸发。为了获得准确的结果，还利用优化算法来求解方程。然后将该模型应用于分析伊朗最热月份（7月/8月）阿瓦士、大不里士和亚兹德不同气候条件下小型冷却塔的耗水量和冷却性能。填料性能指数（）的无量纲参数用于描述填料内的结垢情况。因此，在所建立的模型中考虑浮力、雨淋区和喷淋区液滴蒸发以及填料结垢的同时影响，利用新的、精确的方法求解模型方程来分析湿式冷却塔在湿式冷却塔的性能。不同的条件，是本研究的新颖之处。根据结果​​，结垢的增加会降低填充性能指数。填充性能指数从 2.4 下降至 1.2，阿瓦士、大不里士和亚兹德的冷却塔出口水温月平均值分别从 24.24、21.21 和 21.19 增加到 25.94、24.14 和 24.11，而月水上述城市的消费指数分别从1.74、1.87和2.22下降至0.99、1.10和1.29。最大出水温度出现在 案例中，最大耗水量出现在 。因此，环境条件和污垢同时影响冷却塔的性能，建议的模型很好地预测了这一点。