Abstract. Given the severe anthropogenic pressure on tropical forests and the high demand for field observations of ecosystem characteristics, it is crucial to collect such data both in pristine tropical forests and in the converted deforested land cover classes. To gain insight into the ecosystem characteristics of pristine tropical forests, regrowth forests, and cashew plantations, we established an ecosystem monitoring site in Phnom Kulen National Park, Cambodia. Here, we present observed datasets of forest inventories, leaf area index, leaf traits of woody species, a fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation, and edaphic and meteorological conditions. We examined how land-use and land-cover change affect species and functional diversity, stand structure, and edaphic conditions among the three land-cover classes. We further investigated relationships between diameters at breast height and tree height, estimated aboveground biomass (AGB), and explored relationships between ecosystem characteristics and AGB. We uncovered some key differences in ecosystem characteristics among the land-cover classes. We also demonstrated the feasibility of locally updating AGB estimates using power law functions. These datasets and findings can contribute to filling data gaps in tropical forest research, addressing global environmental challenges, and supporting sustainable forest management.

中文翻译：

---

东南亚热带森林地区各种人为影响土地覆盖的生态系统特征

摘要。鉴于热带森林面临严重的人为压力以及对生态系统特征实地观测的高需求，在原始热带森林和经过毁林的土地覆盖类别中收集此类数据至关重要。为了深入了解原始热带森林、再生林和腰果种植园的生态系统特征，我们在柬埔寨金边国家公园建立了生态系统监测点。在这里，我们提供了森林清单、叶面积指数、木本物种的叶子特征、截获的光合有效辐射的一部分以及土壤和气象条件的观测数据集。我们研究了土地利用和土地覆盖变化如何影响三个土地覆盖类别的物种和功能多样性、林分结构和土壤条件。我们进一步研究了胸径和树高之间的关系，估计了地上生物量（AGB），并探讨了生态系统特征和AGB之间的关系。我们发现了土地覆盖类别之间生态系统特征的一些关键差异。我们还证明了使用幂律函数本地更新 AGB 估计的可行性。这些数据集和研究结果有助于填补热带森林研究的数据空白，应对全球环境挑战，并支持可持续森林管理。