AimTo determine if the dispensing of glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 receptor agonists is associated with increased dispensing of antidepressants.Materials and MethodsWe used cross‐sectional, case‐control and retrospective cohort study designs to examine the association between dispensed GLP‐1 receptor agonists and antidepressants between 2012 and 2022 in the 10% random sample of the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) data. PBS‐listed GLP‐1 receptor agonists, exenatide, dulaglutide and semaglutide were the exposures. Outcomes were the odds ratio [ORs; 99% confidence interval (CI)] and hazard ratio (99% CI) of being dispensed any antidepressant. Analyses were adjusted for demographic measures and the dispensing of medicines to manage cardiovascular diseases or anxiety/insomnia. Statistical tests were two‐sided at the 1% level of significance.ResultsIn total, 358 075 of 1 746 391 individuals were dispensed antidepressants, and 8495 of the 24 783 dispensed a GLP‐1 receptor agonist were also dispensed an antidepressant in 2022 (OR 1.44; 99% CI 1.38‐1.50); 24 103 of the 1 746 391 participants had been dispensed a GLP‐1 receptor agonist between 2012 and 2021, and of these 8083 were dispensed antidepressants in 2022 (OR 1.52; 99% CI 1.46‐1.59). The 2012 cohort included 1 213 316 individuals who had not been dispensed antidepressants that year. The hazard ratio of being dispensed an antidepressant between 2013 and 2022 following the dispensing of a GLP‐1 receptor agonist was 1.19 (99% CI 1.12‐1.27). Additional analyses restricting the time of exposure confirmed these associations for all PBS‐listed GLP‐1 receptor agonists.ConclusionsIndividuals exposed to GLP‐1 receptor agonists are at greater risk of being dispensed antidepressants. The possible impact of GLP‐1 receptor agonists on the mood of consumers requires ongoing vigilance and further research.

中文翻译：

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胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂暴露与抗抑郁药配药之间的横断面、病例对照和纵向关联

目的确定胰高血糖素样肽 (GLP)-1 受体激动剂的分配是否与抗抑郁药的分配增加相关。材料和方法我们使用横断面、病例对照和回顾性队列研究设计来检查分配的 GLP-1 之间的关联澳大利亚药物福利计划 (PBS) 数据的 10% 随机样本中 2012 年至 2022 年间的受体激动剂和抗抑郁药。 PBS 列​​出的 GLP-1 受体激动剂、艾塞那肽、度拉鲁肽和索马鲁肽是暴露的对象。结果是比值比 [ORs;配发任何抗抑郁药物的 99% 置信区间 (CI)] 和风险比 (99% CI)。针对人口统计指标和控制心血管疾病或焦虑/失眠的药物的分配进行了分析调整。统计检验在 1% 的显着性水平上是双侧的。 结果 2022 年，总共 1 746 391 名个体中的 358 075 人被配发了抗抑郁药，24 783 名配发 GLP-1 受体激动剂中的 8495 人也被配发了抗抑郁药（或1.44；99% CI 1.38-1.50)； 2012 年至 2021 年间，1 746 391 名参与者中的 24 103 人服用了 GLP-1 受体激动剂，其中 8083 人在 2022 年服用了抗抑郁药（OR 1.52；99% CI 1.46-1.59）。 2012 年队列包括 1,213,316 名当年未配发抗抑郁药物的人。 2013 年至 2022 年间，在配药 GLP-1 受体激动剂后配药抗抑郁药的风险比为 1.19（99% CI 1.12-1.27）。限制暴露时间的其他分析证实了所有 PBS 列​​出的 GLP-1 受体激动剂的这些关联。结论暴露于 GLP-1 受体激动剂的个体被配发抗抑郁药的风险更大。 GLP-1 受体激动剂对消费者情绪可能产生的影响需要持续警惕和进一步研究。