Lithium (Li) metal has been widely regarded as the optimal anode material for the high-energy density rechargeable batteries, due to its ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity and lowest electrochemical potential. However, the formation of Li dendrites presents a significant safety concern, which limits its practical application. In this paper, to address this issue, an efficient and cost-effective strategy was proposed to prepare a zinc-copper composite collector (ZCC) with outstanding electrochemical performance, which can effectively suppress the formation of lithium dendrites. The lithophilic surface with ZnCu alloy nanoparticles was achieved through physical vapor deposition followed by annealing treatment. The ZCC collector enables dendrite-free deposition of Li due to its negligible nucleation overpotential. Even at high area capacity of 3 mAh cm at 1 mA cm in half-cells, the ZCC exhibits exceptional cycling performance and high coulomb efficiency. Preloaded with Li, the composite electrode (Li/ZCC) delivers an enhanced lifespan with low overpotential evidently. Matched with LiFePO (LFP) cathode, LFP||Li/ZCC full cells reveal a superior cycling stability with enhanced capacity retention of 85 % (after 1000 cycles at 1 C) and 87 % (after 800 cycles at 3 C) respectively.

中文翻译：

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铜集流体上的亲锂锌铜合金位点用于高性能锂金属负极

锂（Li）金属因其超高的理论比容量和最低的电化学势而被广泛认为是高能量密度可充电电池的最佳负极材料。然而，锂枝晶的形成带来了重大的安全问题，限制了其实际应用。为了解决这个问题，本文提出了一种高效且经济的策略来制备具有优异电化学性能的锌铜复合集流体（ZCC），可以有效抑制锂枝晶的形成。 ZnCu合金纳米粒子的亲石表面是通过物理气相沉积和退火处理获得的。由于其成核过电势可以忽略不计，ZCC 捕收剂能够实现锂的无枝晶沉积。即使半电池在 1 mA cm 时具有 3 mAh cm 的高面积容量，ZCC 也表现出卓越的循环性能和高库伦效率。预载锂的复合电极（Li/ZCC）可明显延长使用寿命并降低过电势。与 LiFePO (LFP) 正极配合，LFP||Li/ZCC 全电池表现出优异的循环稳定性，容量保持率分别提高了 85%（在 1 C 下循环 1000 次后）和 87%（在 3 C 下循环 800 次后）。