An interfacial galvanic replacement strategy to controllable synthesize palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs)-modified NiFe MOF nanocomposite on nickel foam, which served as an efficient sensing platform for quantitative determination of dopamine (DA). Pd NPs grown in situ on the nanosheets of NiFe MOF via self-driven galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) and well uniform distribution was achieved. This method effectively reduced the aggregation of metallic nanoparticles and significantly promoted the electron transfer rate during the electrochemical process, leading to improved electrocatalytic activity for DA oxidation. Remarkably, the precisely constructed biosensor achieved a low detection limit (LOD) of 0.068 µM and recovery of 94.1% (RSD 6.7%, N = 3) for simulated real sample detection and also exhibited superior selectivity and stability. The results confirmed that the as-fabricated Pd-NiFe/NF composite electrode could realize the quantitative determination of DA and showed promising prospects in real sample biosensing.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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具有高效多巴胺检测功能的 Pd 掺杂 NiFe MOF 纳米片的界面电替代策略

界面电取代策略在泡沫镍上可控合成钯纳米粒子（Pd NPs）修饰的NiFe MOF纳米复合材料，作为定量测定多巴胺（DA）的高效传感平台。通过自驱动电偶置换反应（GRR）在 NiFe MOF 纳米片上原位生长 Pd NP，并实现了良好的均匀分布。该方法有效减少了金属纳米粒子的聚集，显着提高了电化学过程中的电子转移速率，从而提高了DA氧化的电催化活性。值得注意的是，精确构建的生物传感器在模拟真实样品检测中实现了 0.068 µM 的低检测限 (LOD) 和 94.1%（RSD 6.7%，N  = 3）的回收率，并且还表现出优异的选择性和稳定性。结果证实所制备的Pd-NiFe/NF复合电极可以实现DA的定量测定，在实际样品生物传感中显示出良好的前景。

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