Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels, traditionally fabricated by ball milling and conventional powder metallurgy techniques to achieve bulk form, followed by intricate rolling and thermal treatment steps to achieve plate or sheet form. Here, we present a novel processing route that combines cold spray (CS) with friction stir processing (FSP) to manufacture ODS steel plate directly from gas atomization reaction synthesis (GARS)-prepared powder, thus no rolling steps involved. Microstructural and mechanical characterizations were performed to assess the quality and properties of the resulting ODS steel plate. Our findings demonstrate that the slightly porous CS deposited layer was fully consolidated after FSP, yielding a fully dense ODS steel plate that exhibited a favorable tradeoff between strength and ductility upon extraction from the substrate. Furthermore, through microstructural analysis, we revealed the presence of an appreciable density (∼10/m) of nano-sized oxide particles, with the majority being smaller than 5 nm via the combined CS + FSP fabrication route. This work serves as a first proof-of-concept demonstration of the manufacturing approach described herein, offering a possible alternative route for producing ODS steel plates.

中文翻译：

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通过冷喷涂和搅拌摩擦加工制造氧化物弥散强化（ODS）钢板

氧化物弥散强化 (ODS) 钢传统上通过球磨和传统粉末冶金技术制造以获得块状形状，然后通过复杂的轧制和热处理步骤以获得板材或片状形状。在这里，我们提出了一种新颖的加工路线，将冷喷涂（CS）与搅拌摩擦加工（FSP）相结合，直接用气雾化反应合成（GARS）制备的粉末制造ODS钢板，因此不涉及轧制步骤。通过微观结构和机械表征来评估所得 ODS 钢板的质量和性能。我们的研究结果表明，微孔 CS 沉积层在 FSP 后完全固结，产生完全致密的 ODS 钢板，在从基材中提取时，该钢板在强度和延展性之间表现出良好的权衡。此外，通过微观结构分析，我们揭示了纳米尺寸氧化物颗粒的密度相当大（~10/m），其中大多数通过 CS + FSP 组合制造路线小于 5 nm。这项工作是本文所述制造方法的首次概念验证演示，为生产 ODS 钢板提供了可能的替代途径。