Sugars derived from photosynthesis, specifically sucrose, are the primary source of plant energy. Sucrose is produced in leaves and transported to the roots through the phloem, serving as a vital energy source. Environmental conditions can result in higher or lower photosynthesis, promoting anabolism or catabolism, respectively, thereby influencing the sucrose budget available for roots. Plants can adjust their root system to optimize the search for soil resources and to ensure the plant’s adaptability to diverse environmental conditions. Recently, emerging research indicates that SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 (SnRK1), trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P), and TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) collectively serve as fundamental regulators of root development, together forming a signaling module to interpret the nutritional status of the plant and translate this to growth adjustments in the below ground parts.

来自光合作用的糖，特别是蔗糖，是植物能量的主要来源。蔗糖在叶子中产生并通过韧皮部运输到根部，作为重要的能量来源。环境条件会导致更高或更低的光合作用，分别促进合成代谢或分解代谢，从而影响根部可用的蔗糖预算。植物可以调整其根系来优化对土壤资源的搜索，并确保植物对不同环境条件的适应能力。最近，新兴研究表明，SNF1 相关蛋白激酶 1 (SnRK1)、海藻糖 6-磷酸 (T6P) 和雷帕霉素靶标 (TOR) 共同充当根发育的基本调节因子，共同形成信号模块来解释营养状况植物的生长并将其转化为地下部分的生长调整。