Plant–microbe interactions (PMIs) are regulated through a wide range of mechanisms in which sterols from plants and microbes are involved in numerous ways, including recognition, transduction, communication, and/or exchanges between partners. Phytosterol equilibrium is regulated by PMIs through expression of genes involved in phytosterol biosynthesis, together with their accumulation. As such, PMI outcomes also include plasma membrane (PM) functionalization events, in which phytosterols have a central role, and activation of sterol-interacting proteins involved in cell signaling. In spite (or perhaps because) of such multifaceted abilities, an overall mechanism of sterol contribution is difficult to determine. However, promising approaches exploring sterol diversity, their contribution to PMI outcomes, and their localization would help us to decipher their crucial role in PMIs.

中文翻译：

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甾醇，植物-微生物相互作用中的多效性参与者

植物-微生物相互作用（PMI）通过多种机制进行调节，其中来自植物和微生物的甾醇以多种方式参与，包括识别、转导、通讯和/或伙伴之间的交换。植物甾醇平衡由 PMI 通过参与植物甾醇生物合成的基因表达及其积累来调节。因此，PMI 结果还包括质膜 (PM) 功能化事件（其中植物甾醇发挥核心作用）以及参与细胞信号传导的甾醇相互作用蛋白的激活。尽管（或者可能是因为）这种多方面的能力，甾醇贡献的整体机制仍然很难确定。然而，探索甾醇多样性、它们对 PMI 结果的贡献及其本地化的有前景的方法将帮助我们破译它们在 PMI 中的关键作用。