Hormonal treatments (HT) for prostate cancer (e.g., androgen deprivation therapy) yield clinical and survival benefits, yet adverse cognitive changes may be a side effect. Since psychosocial factors are largely modifiable, interventions targeting these factors may help mitigate these adverse cognitive effects. This systematic review aimed to identify a range of psychosocial factors associated with cognitive function in individuals with prostate cancer undergoing HT and to determine whether these factors mitigate or exacerbate this effect. Applying PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search of relevant databases conducted in September 2023 using terms related to prostate cancer, hormone therapy, and cognitive outcomes was undertaken. The search yielded 694 unique abstracts, with 11 studies included for analysis examining the relationship between cognitive function and the following psychosocial factors: psychological distress, fatigue, insomnia, and coping processes. Findings were mixed with only two studies reporting significant associations between cognitive performance with fatigue and depression. Three studies that included measures of perceived cognitive function identified associations with depression, anxiety, fatigue, insomnia, illness threat appraisals, and coping styles. However, no studies found evidence for an association between self-reported and objective measures of cognitive functioning. Evidence regarding the association of interpersonal factors is lacking. Moreover, whether these factors mitigate or exacerbate the effect of HT on cognitive function still needs to be determined. Overall, the research exploring the association between psychosocial factors and cognitive function in prostate cancer survivors undergoing HT is still in its infancy. Further research is required to optimize the implementation of neuropsychological interventions for prostate cancer survivors.

前列腺癌的激素治疗（HT）（例如雄激素剥夺疗法）可产生临床和生存益处，但不良的认知变化可能是副作用。由于心理社会因素在很大程度上是可以改变的，因此针对这些因素的干预措施可能有助于减轻这些不利的认知影响。本系统综述旨在确定接受 HT 的前列腺癌患者中与认知功能相关的一系列心理社会因素，并确定这些因素是否会减轻或加剧这种影响。应用 PRISMA 指南，使用与前列腺癌、激素治疗和认知结果相关的术语于 2023 年 9 月对相关数据库进行了全面检索。搜索产生了 694 份独特的摘要，其中包括 11 项研究，用于分析认知功能与以下心理社会因素之间的关系：心理困扰、疲劳、失眠和应对过程。结果与只有两项研究报告认知表现与疲劳和抑郁之间存在显着关联的研究结果混杂在一起。三项包括感知认知功能测量的研究确定了与抑郁、焦虑、疲劳、失眠、疾病威胁评估和应对方式的关联。然而，没有研究发现自我报告的认知功能与客观的认知功能测量之间存在关联的证据。缺乏关于人际因素关联的证据。此外，这些因素是否会减轻或加剧HT对认知功能的影响仍需确定。总体而言，探索接受 HT 的前列腺癌幸存者心理社会因素与认知功能之间关系的研究仍处于起步阶段。需要进一步研究来优化对前列腺癌幸存者的神经心理学干预措施的实施。