Background Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is one of the most common sleep problems and represents a key prodromal marker in Parkinson’s disease (PD). It remains unclear whether and how basal ganglia nuclei, structures that are directly involved in the pathology of PD, are implicated in the occurrence of RBD. Method Here, in parallel with whole-night video polysomnography, we recorded local field potentials from two major basal ganglia structures, the globus pallidus internus and subthalamic nucleus, in two cohorts of patients with PD who had varied severity of RBD. Basal ganglia oscillatory patterns during RBD and REM sleep without atonia were analysed and compared with another age-matched cohort of patients with dystonia that served as controls. Results We found that beta power in both basal ganglia nuclei was specifically elevated during REM sleep without atonia in patients with PD, but not in dystonia. Basal ganglia beta power during REM sleep positively correlated with the extent of atonia loss, with beta elevation preceding the activation of chin electromyogram activities by ~200 ms. The connectivity between basal ganglia beta power and chin muscular activities during REM sleep was significantly correlated with the clinical severity of RBD in PD. Conclusions These findings support that basal ganglia activities are associated with if not directly contribute to the occurrence of RBD in PD. Our study expands the understanding of the role basal ganglia played in RBD and may foster improved therapies for RBD by interrupting the basal ganglia-muscular communication during REM sleep in PD. Data are available upon reasonable request. The original data are not yet openly available, as it is being used in ongoing projects. We welcome enquires for sharing this as part of a collaboration, please contact the corresponding authors.

中文翻译：

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基底神经节活动对帕金森病快速眼动睡眠障碍的影响

背景快速眼动 (REM) 睡眠行为障碍 (RBD) 是最常见的睡眠问题之一，也是帕金森病 (PD) 的关键前驱标志。目前尚不清楚基底神经节核（直接参与 PD 病理学的结构）是否以及如何参与 RBD 的发生。方法在这里，在进行整夜视频多导睡眠监测的同时，我们记录了两组具有不同严重程度的 RBD 的 PD 患者的两个主要基底神经节结构（苍白球内部和丘脑底核）的局部场电位。研究人员对无肌张力障碍的 RBD 和 REM 睡眠期间的基底神经节振荡模式进行了分析，并与作为对照的另一组年龄匹配的肌张力障碍患者进行了比较。结果我们发现，PD 患者的两个基底神经节核的 β 功率在快速眼动睡眠期间特别升高，而无肌张力障碍，但肌张力障碍患者则不然。快速眼动睡眠期间基底神经节 β 功率与失张力丧失的程度呈正相关，β 升高先于下巴肌电图活动激活约 200 毫秒。快速眼动睡眠期间基底神经节β功率和下巴肌肉活动之间的连通性与PD中RBD的临床严重程度显着相关。结论 这些发现支持基底神经节活动与 PD 中 RBD 的发生相关（如果不是直接促成的话）。我们的研究扩展了对基底神经节在 RBD 中所起作用的理解，并可能通过在 PD 快速眼动睡眠期间中断基底神经节-肌肉通讯来促进 RBD 的改进治疗。数据可根据合理要求提供。原始数据尚未公开，因为它正在用于正在进行的项目。我们欢迎询问是否将其作为合作的一部分进行共享，请联系相应的作者。