This paper asks the question: can genomic information be used to recover a species that is already on the pathway to extinction due to genetic swamping from a related and more numerous population? We show that a breeding strategy in a captive breeding program can use whole genome sequencing to identify and remove segments of DNA introgressed through hybridisation. The proposed policy uses a generalized measure of kinship or heterozygosity accounting for local ancestry, that is, whether a specific genetic location was inherited from the target of conservation. We then show that optimizing these measures would minimize undesired ancestry while also controlling kinship and/or heterozygosity, in a simulated breeding population. The process is applied to real data representing the hybridized Scottish wildcat breeding population, with the result that it should be possible to breed out domestic cat ancestry. The ability to reverse introgression is a powerful tool brought about through the combination of sequencing with computational advances in ancestry estimation. Since it works best when applied early in the process, important decisions need to be made about which genetically distinct populations should benefit from it and which should be left to reform into a single population.

中文翻译：

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如何利用当地血统信息拯救混合圈养繁殖种群

本文提出了一个问题：基因组信息是否可以用于恢复由于相关且数量更多的种群的基因淹没而已经走上灭绝之路的物种？我们表明，圈养育种计划中的育种策略可以使用全基因组测序来识别和去除通过杂交引入的 DNA 片段。拟议的政策使用亲属关系或杂合性的广义衡量标准来解释当地血统，即特定的遗传位置是否是从保护目标继承的。然后，我们表明，优化这些措施将最大限度地减少不良血统，同时在模拟繁殖群体中控制亲缘关系和/或杂合性。该过程应用于代表杂交苏格兰野猫繁殖种群的真实​​数据，结果应该有可能繁殖出家猫血统。逆转基因渗入的能力是一种强大的工具，通过将测序与祖先估计中的计算进步相结合而实现。由于在该过程的早期应用它效果最佳，因此需要做出重要决定，决定哪些遗传上不同的群体应该从中受益，哪些应该留下来改造为单一群体。