SummaryCells of the mammalian innate immune system have evolved to protect the host from various environmental or internal insults and injuries which perturb the homeostatic state of the organism. Among the lymphocytes of the innate immune system are natural killer (NK) cells, which circulate and survey host tissues for signs of stress, including infection or transformation. NK cells rapidly eliminate damaged cells in the blood or within tissues through secretion of cytolytic machinery and production of proinflammatory cytokines. To perform these effector functions while traversing between the blood and tissues, patrolling NK cells require sufficient fuel to meet their energetic demands. Here, we highlight the ability of NK cells to metabolically adapt across tissues, during times of nutrient deprivation and within tumor microenvironments. Whether at steady state, or during viral infection and cancer, NK cells readily shift their nutrient uptake and usage in order to maintain metabolism, survival, and function.

中文翻译：

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器官特异性自然杀伤细胞反应的代谢编程

摘要哺乳动物先天免疫系统的细胞已经进化到可以保护宿主免受各种环境或内部的侮辱和伤害，这些侮辱和伤害会扰乱生物体的稳态。先天免疫系统的淋巴细胞中有自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞，它们循环并检查宿主组织的应激迹象，包括感染或转化。 NK 细胞通过分泌细胞溶解机制和产生促炎细胞因子，快速消除血液或组织内受损的细胞。为了在血液和组织之间穿行时执行这些效应器功能，巡逻的 NK 细胞需要足够的燃料来满足其能量需求。在这里，我们强调 NK 细胞在营养缺乏期间和肿瘤微环境中跨组织代谢适应的能力。无论是在稳定状态，还是在病毒感染和癌症期间，NK 细胞都很容易改变其营养物质的吸收和使用，以维持新陈代谢、生存和功能。