Advancements in biochar activating persulfate advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOP), have gained significant attention. However, the understanding of biochar-based catalysts in activating PS remains limited. Herein, biochar (BC) and N-doped biochar (NBC) were synthesized from hemp for activating PS to treat tetracycline (TC) wastewater and analyzed their mechanisms separately. Surprisingly, N-doped in biochar leads to a change in the activation mechanism of PS. The BC-PS system operates mainly through a radical pathway, advantageous for treating soil organic pollution (68%) with pH adaptability (less than 10% variation). Nevertheless, the NBC-PS system primarily employs an electron transfer non-radical pathway, demonstrating stability (only 7% performance degradation over four cycles) and enhanced resistance to anionic interference (less than 10% variation) in organic wastewater treatment. This study provides a technical reference and theoretical foundation for enhancing biochar activation of PS in the removal of organic pollutants from aquatic and terrestrial environments.

中文翻译：

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揭示同源大麻衍生生物炭催化剂的过硫酸盐活化机制，用于强化四环素废水修复

生物炭活化过硫酸盐高级氧化工艺（PS-AOP）的进展引起了广泛关注。然而，对生物炭基催化剂在活化 PS 方面的了解仍然有限。本文以大麻为原料合成了生物炭（BC）和氮掺杂生物炭（NBC），用于活化PS处理四环素（TC）废水，并分别分析了它们的机理。令人惊讶的是，生物炭中的 N 掺杂导致 PS 活化机制的改变。 BC-PS系统主要通过自由基途径运行，有利于处理土壤有机污染（68%），且pH适应性强（变化小于10%）。尽管如此，NBC-PS系统主要采用电子转移非自由基途径，在有机废水处理中表现出稳定性（四个周期内性能仅下降7%）和增强的抗阴离子干扰能力（变化小于10%）。该研究为增强PS生物炭活化去除水生和陆地环境中有机污染物提供了技术参考和理论基础。